Effects Of Oxo-biodegradable Degradation Film Mulching And Planting Density On The Soil Water,Temperature And Growth Of Maize

Maize is one of the most important food crops in China.It is significant for Chinese food security to increase maize production.To increase the yield of maize,mulching and planting density are widely used.However,film residues have many negative influences on soil and enviroment.To solve this problem,biodegradable plastic film has increasingly used in maize production.In this study,field experiment with oxo-biodegradable plastic film 1?M1?,oxo-biodegradable plastic film 2?M2?,ordinary plastic film?M3?and bare land?M0?and 3 types of different planting densities?D1,D2,D3?has been consucted to analysis effects of oxo-biodegradable mulching and different planting densities on the soil moisture,soil temperature,growth index,yield and quality of maize.The main research results are as follows:?1?During the whole growth period of maize,the soil water storage under the oxo-biodegradable mulching was significantly higher than that under the ordinary plastic film?P<0.05?.The trends of soil water storage in the 0⁶0 cm layer of the soil under the degradable film and the ordinary plastic film were consistent in the whole growth period of Maize.Planting density had a significant effect on soil moisture content.The soil water storage under the treatment of 75000 plants·hm^-2 and 82500 plants·hm^-2 were 1.8 mm and5.1 mm significantly higher than that of 90000 plants·hm^-2,respectively.Soil water storage was highest under the oxo-biodegradable mulching and planting density of 75000plants·hm^-2.?2?During the seedling and jointing stages of maize,the soil temperature under the oxo-biodegradable mulching was significantly higher than that of ordinary mulching.At the seedling stage,the average soil temperature under the No.1 oxo-biodegradable mulching was 3.6°C and 4.8°C higher than that in the ordinary mulch and bare land at the 0²5 cm soil layer,respectively.The average soil temperature under the No.2 oxo-biodegradable mulching was 2.7°C and 3.9°C higher than that in the ordinary mulch and bare land at the0²5 cm soil layer,respectively.There was no significant difference in soil temperature between treatments at heading-maturity gowth stage of maize.Planting density had certain effect on soil temperature.The soil temperature decreased as the planting density increased,and there was a difference of about 1°C in the soil temperature between different planting densities.Soil temperature of 0²5 cm under the oxo-biodegradable mulching and planting density of 75000 plants·hm^-2 was higher than other treatments.?3?Oxo-biodegradable mulching increased emergence rate of maize.The average seedling emergence rate of the oxo-biodegradable mulching No.1 and No.2 were 7.8%and16.0%higher than that of ordinary mulching and bare land treatment,respectively.During the whole growth period,the changes in plant height,stem diameter,and leaf area index of different treatments showed a consistent trend.However,these three indicators reached the maximum value first under the oxo-biodegradable mulching which shortened obviously growth period of maize.There was no significant difference in the emergence rate of maize under different planting densities.Planting density had a significant effect on stem diameter,leaf area index,and dry matter weight.With the increase of planting density,stem diameter and dry matter weight showed a decreasing trend,and leaf area index showed an increasing trend.?4?Maize production under the two oxo-biodegradable mulching were largest,and both reached to 14000 kg·hm^-2.The yield of maize covered by the oxo-biodegradable plastic film increased by 12.4%and 30.8%respectively,compared with ordinary plastic film and bare land.With the increased of planting density,the yield of maize increased first and then decreased.The yield of treatment with 82,500 plants·hm^-2 was increased by 5.6%,compared with the treatment with 90,000 plants·hm^-2.Film mulching and plant density had no significant effecf on maize quality.In this experiment,the optimal combination was oxo-biodegradable mulching and planting density of 75000 plants·hm^-2 with yield of 15641kg·hm^-2.Above all,compared with ordinary plastic film,the oxo-biodegradable plastic film with better performand on improving soil water storage and soil temperature,significantly increased crop yield.Thus,it could be used as an alternative to ordinary plastic film in actual production.