| Study materials were Shennong 265(main stem leaf number 15)and Shennong 1401(main stem leaf number 16)in Liaoning province,japonica super rice developed from Shenyang Agricultural University;Number of leaves 14)Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The optimum nitrogen application rate in the main planting area was 225.0kg hm-2.Based on simplified fertilization(basal fertilizer,barley fertilizer,and panicle fertilizer),the ratio of two basic tiller and panicle fertilizer(6:4 and 8:2)was set.Shennong 265 manure was applied leaf by leaf in 7-10 leaves(source built-up phase),Panicle fertilizer was applied leaf by leaf in 11-15 leaf(built-up period),Shennong 1401 manure was sprayed by 7-10 leaves(source built-up phase).Leaf application,panicle fertilizer applied on a leaf-by-leaf basis at11-15 leaf(built-in period),Jigeng 88 alum fertilizer applied leaf by leaf on 6-9 leaf(source built-up phase),panicle fertilizer on 10-14 leaf(library built-up phase)Leaf-by-leaf application,thus combining different source-to-spot precision nitrogen application combinations.Based on the leaf-age model,three super-japonica rice varieties with different main stem leafage numbers were used,and the proportions of different base tiller and panicle fertilizers were set.According to the vegetative and reproductive growth stages of rice,the nitrogen fertilizer was built according to the source.The age and leaf age of the reservoir was accurately applied to each leaf.Based on this,combined with the years of research and practice of the research group,through the interaction analysis between different pod and ear nitrogen application leaf ages,the ratio of the base tiller and panicle fertilizer that are most suitable for high-yield is selected and determined,and finally the suitable high-yield pod is determined.The combination of fertilization and ear-fertilizer leaf-age was used to interpret the pros and cons effects of different alfalfa and panicle fertilizer combinations on rice stem pod dynamics,number of spikelets,yield components,and nitrogen use efficiency.It is clear that the suitable leaf-ageing index and the appropriate leaf-age index of the panicle-propagation fertilizer for japonica rice varieties with different main leaf ages provide a theoretical and practical basis for the systematic construction and application of the high-yield,high-efficiency and accurate nitrogen application model.After the 2016-2017 two-year model of rice growth,development and physiological characteristics such as leaf age and stem pod dynamics,dry matter accumulation transport andphotosynthetic characteristics,yield components,nitrogen uptake and allocation Experiments were conducted to explore the agronomic traits and nitrogen utilization characteristics of different leaf age combinations,and the effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on agronomic traits,yield,and nitrogen use characteristics during different source and sink periods were analyzed.This experiment combines the accuracy and controllability of the potted plant with the open environment of the field experiment,which is in line with the advantages of actual production practice.Using the tube plant makes the experiment more reliable,highly accurate and persuasive.The results showed that:(1)The number and growth of the main stem leaves of the tube-planted Jigeng 88,Shennong 265,Shennong 1401 8:2,6:4 and N0 under the condition of total nitrogen application rate of 225 kg hm-2 There were no significant differences in dynamics.However,for a specific species,increased leaf age is different every 5 days,ie,the leaf output speed is not the same.The Jigeng 88 grows fastest during June 20-25,about8.28-9.21 leaves.During the period,Shennong 265 had the fastest leaf speed on June 20-30,about 8.19-10.22 leaf period,while Shennong 1401 had a faster emergence time span from June 20 to July 5,about 8.89-11.67 leaf period.Under the same variety,the seedling speed of8:2,6:4 and N0 operations were different but did not reach significant levels.There was no significant difference in the number and growth dynamics of the main stems of 8:2,6:4 and N0 in the Shennong 265 plot,which was basically consistent with the results of the tuber 265.The results showed that with the increase of fertility,N fertilizer management had no significant effect on the number of leaves and leaf age of the main stem,and leaf age could be used to predict the leaf age process.Therefore,precise nitrogen application could be performed according to leaf age.(2)Under the different nitrogen fertilizer management strategies,the pod stem dynamics of Jigeng 88,Shennong 265 and Shennong 1401 showed the trend of first-increased and flat unimodal curve.The two-year spike rate of the three varieties of tube-planting was higher than that of 8:2 when the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer and ear nitrogen fertilizer was 6:4.The 8:2 ratio of Jigengi 88's 8:2 ratio was 60.3%,62.4%,6:4 was 73.7%,and 80.7%,of which6:4(8,11)was 87.7% and 80.7%;Shennong 265 The two-year spike rate of 8:2 ratio was62.4% and 65.9%,and the ratio of 6:4 was 71.3% and 79.8%,of which 6:4(9,12)was 85.4%and 83.3%;Shennong 1401 The two-year spike rate of 8:2 ratio was 52.0% and 52.9%,the ratio of 6:4 was 64.3% and 72%,of which 6:4(10,15)was 86.9% and 82.4%;the cell Shennong 265-8 Two-year spike rate was 62.6% and 64.7% in the two ratios,69.9% and70.5% in 6:4,and 86.3% and 80.1% in 6:4(9,12).This shows that the use of barnyardgrass at the time of maximum tiller tillering can effectively preserve the effects.(3)Nitrogen application of different combinations of fertilizer and panicle leaf age had a significant effect on the number of differentiated spikelets in Jigeng 88,Shennong 265 and Shennong 1401.The best fertilization and age-maturing combinations for high yields were Shennong 265-6:4(9 leaves,12 leaves),Shennong 1401-6:4(10 leaves,13 leaves),and Jigeng 88-6: 4(8 leaves,11 leaves),which is the best application of manure fertilizer in the highest tiller stage,panicle fertilizer application in flowering differentiation period is the best.Under different nitrogen fertilizer treatments in Shennong 265 plots,the nitrogen treatments were significantly higher than those of the control.The degraded spikelet number,empty spikelet number,and true spikelet count of each treatment was(9,12)>(9,14)>(8,12)>(8,14)>(7,12)>(7,14).(4)The LAI at the booting stage reached the maximum under different nitrogen fertilizer treatments in Datian District Shennong 265.The “plateau” length and the ratio of 8:2 when the ratio of nitrogen fertilizer and ear nitrogen fertilizer was 6:4,and could maintain longer Large leaf area index,while the 8:2 treatment leaf area index decreased slightly faster,and the manure application leaf age backward(9 leaves),the application of manure application leaf age forward(inverted 4 leaves)combination is higher than other treatments The leaf color value of 6:4 with a nitrogen ratio of 6:4 was higher than that of 8:2 for a longer period of time,while the 8:2 treated leaf area index decreased slightly faster.(5)With the advancement of fertility development,Shennong Community Shennong 265 has a net decrease in dry matter content of each treatment leaf.The proportion of leaves is the highest in the tillering period(46.34%-52.32%),and it falls to the lowest level during the mature period(8.79%-12.59).%);The proportion of dry matter in stems and sheaths showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing.The booting period reached a peak(53.43%-60.15%),and it gradually decreased from the booting stage to the maturing stage;the proportion of panicles continued to increase with maturation and matured.The period reached the highest,accounting for 46.69%-57.79% of the total dry weight.6:4(9,12)had the highest accumulation of stems and sheaths,which was significantly higher than 8:2(7,12)and 8:2(8,14);from booting stage to filling stage,6:4(8,14)The accumulation of stem sheaths and leaves was the highest;from grain filling to maturity,the accumulation of stems,sheaths,and leaves at 6:4(9,14)was higher,which was significantly higher than that of 6:4(8,14).Treatment;nitrogen fertilizer processing from earliest to maturity maturation was 6:4 higher than 8:2,(9,12)higher than other treatments.(6)The number of effective panicles,grains per panicle,number of differentiated spikelets,number of degenerate panicles,yield,leaf age of manure application,and leaf age of panicle fertilizer applied to different varieties and different leaf ages of nitrogen fertilizer were significant.or extremely significant.(7)Precise quantitative fertilization of nitrogen fertilizer,that is,the proportion of nitrogen-based fertilizers and the time shift of manure application,and the time of application of panicle fertilizer advances.Jigengi 88-6:4(8,11)and Shennong 265-6:4(9,12),Shennong1401-6:4(10,13)and the yield of the cell Shennong 265 are higher than other treatments of the same species;different manure application of leaf age yield to pour 7 leaves> pour 8leaves> pour 9 Leaf,different panicle fertilizer application leaf age yield tube Jixi 88 is 11leaves> 13 leaves,Shennong 265 is 12 leaves> 14 leaves,Shennong 1401 is 13 leaves> 15 leaves,that is,each treatment yield trend inverted 4 leaves >Inverted 2 leaves;and the above three treatments significantly increased nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen absorption and utilization,agronomical utilization,and partial productivity,significantly played the role of promoting flowering and flower protection,and tapping large spikes to optimize the structure of the population and improve the dryness.Accumulation of material enhances the transfer of light and product to the panicle,thereby achieving the goal of a strong source,smooth flow,and full fulfillment,thereby achieving high yield and high efficiency. |
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