The Research Of Farmers' Willingness To Adopt And Willingness To Pay For Soil And Water Conservation Technologies

Severe soil erosion and the deteriorating ecological environment are the bottlenecks that limit China's ecological security and sustainable development.It is of great strategic significance to promote soil and water conservation technology in the Loess Plateau Region.The adoption of water and soil conservation technology is the result of many individual farmer households' behavior choices.The adoption of water and soil conservation technologies by farmers is not only the subject's decision on various factors,the balance between cost and utility,but also the constraints of the social environment.The specific adoption behavior is the willingness to adopt and t he result of the joint action of the social environment.Politics,economy,and culture all have an impact on farmers' willingness to adopt and willingness to pay.In a specific social environment,there are differences in the role of various comprehensive factors in the willingness to adopt and the willingness to pay.In this process,which factors will affect the willingness of farmers to adopt? What factors will affect the willingness of farmers to pay? What is the reason why the farmers' explicit adoption is ultimately inconsistent with their willingness to pay,and what is the reason for the farmers' willingness to adopt and their willingness to pay? This is a practical issue that must be understood to promote the adoption of soil and water conservation technologies.Based on this,this study uses the micro-survey data of farmers in the Loess Plateau,and follows the logic of farmers' willingness to adopt water and soil conservation technology—willingness to pay—willingness to adopt and willingness to pay for dissent,and comprehensively explores the willingness of farmers to adopt water and soil conservation technologies.And the factors that influence the willingness to pay,focusing on the reasons leading to the deviation of willingness to use and willingness to pay.It has a certain reference value for the government to carry out comprehensive technical extension work and improve the efficiency of technology promotion.The main contents and conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The status quo and problems of the adoption of soil and water conservation technologies by farmers.First of all,it explained the source of the sample data and the basic characteristics of the sample;then based on the survey data,descriptive statistics were made in four aspects,the farmer's perception of environmental conditions,knowledge of soil and water conservation techniques,willingness to adopt water and soil conservation technologies,willingness to pay for the use of soil and water conservation technologies,and status quo of soil and water conservation technologies.and then the status quo of soil and water conservation technologies adopted by farmers in the Loess Plateau was analyzed.Finally,according to the survey,the specific problems existing in the process of the adoption of soil and water conservation technologies by the farmers were analyzed.The results show that natural disasters occur frequently in the research area,soil erosion is frequent,farmers mainly obtain information through their own social network and the government promotes access to information;farmers have a certain understanding of the functions of soil and water conservation technology,but lack understanding of relevant policies;water and soil conservation technology The effect of improving the ecological environment is more obvious.At present,the soil and water conservation techniques of rural households are mainly characterized by serious soil erosion and deteriorating ecological environment;poor technical applicability and low utilization efficiency;low return on investment by farmers and low willingness to invest in cooperation;problems with backward management systems and inadequate implementation of policies.(2)The willingness of farmers to use soil and water conservation technologies and the analysis of influencing factors.The binary Probit model was used to empirically analyze the influencing factors of farmers' willingness to adopt water and soil conservation technologies,and further analyzed the marginal effects.The results show that the sample farmers have a high willingness to adopt water and soil conservation technologies,77.9% of the households indicated that they are willing to use water and soil conservation technologies,and only 22.1% of the farmers are reluctant to use;the head of household,the ratio of non-agricultural employment,cooperative participation,soil erosion Severity perception,improving agricultural income,improving the ecological environment,network scale,government promotion,and government investment are the main factors that affect the willingness of farmers to adopt soil and water conservation technologies.(3)Farmers willingness to pay for soil and water conservation technology and analysis of influencing factors.Using two-stage binary Probit model explores the willingness to pay for rural land and water conservation technologies and the influencing factors of payment methods,focusing on the impact of social networks on farmers' willingness to pay for soil and water conservation technologies.The results show that: 64.32% of farmers are willing to pay,and the average willingness to pay is 94.16 yuan/mu,of which 81.68% of farmers choose to invest money,18.32% of farmers choose to pay labor;social relations network pays farmers There is a difference in the influence of willingness.Compared with the homogeneity relationship,the heterogeneity relationship has more significant influence on the farmers' willingness to pay;family income,government investment,participation in cooperatives,farmer household cognitive characteristics,and householder education level are paid to farmers.The willingness has different influences;the age of the head of the household,the education level of the head of the household,the size of the family,the area of the cultivated land,the ratio of non-agricultural employment,government investment,and the severity of natural disasters are the main factors that affect the payment methods of the farmers.(4)The willingness of farmers to use soil and water conservation technology and the willingness to pay.First use binary Probit model analyzes the influencing factors of farmers' willingness to adopt and dissatisfaction of willingness to pay,and then uses the ISM model to analyze the relationship and the hierarchical structure among the influencing factors.The results show that farmers' willingness to adopt water and soil conservation technologies differs significantly from their willingness to pay.The proportion of willingness to adopt is significantly higher than the proportion willing to pay.Higher willingness to adopt does not necessarily result in higher willingness to pay;credit,household income,Knowledge of the severity of soil erosion,understanding of ecological compensation policies,heterogeneity networks,government promotion,and the severity of natural disasters have a significant impact on farmers' willingness to adopt and willingness to pay.Among them,the degree of understanding of the severity of soil erosion and the understanding of ecological compensation policies are direct factors of the surface;credit,household income and heterogeneity networks are intermediate indirect factors;government promotion and the severity of natural disasters are deep-rooted factors.