Design And Experimental Study On Key Components Of Cuttage Machine For Ornamental Seedling

Cuttings are an important part of the production process of ornamental seedlings.Due to the high labor intensity of hand-cutting and nursery seedlings and the low efficiency of operation,it is difficult to realize large-scale operations,which restricts the rapid development of seedling cutting techniques.Therefore,the realization of seedling cutting automation has become a key issue to be solved in China's flower industry.Based on the research status of the ornamental seedlings automatic cutting machine at home and abroad,this paper designed the seedlings automatic cutting machine suitable for the production needs of the small and medium-sized nursery in China,and can realize the functions of placing pots,lower soil,cutting seedlings,etc.The dissertation designs and tests the cutting device,which is the key component of the cutting machine.The main achievements of the thesis are as follows:(1)Overall structure design of seedling cutting machine.Based on the analysis of the status quo of domestic and international research on cutting machine,the thesis introduces the main structure and working principle of industrialized seedling cutting machine,and compares and designs the working parts of the basin,soil,cutting,and lower basin.It is the best plan to determine the order of each station along the longitudinal conveying direction.(2)The simulation analysis and design of cutting device for key parts of cutting machine.The SolidWorks 3D simulation software was used to simulate the structure of the whole machine.The structure of the key components of the cutting device was analyzed and designed,including the eccentric parallelogram four-stem feeding mechanism,cutting mechanism,conveying device and drive components for design and selection.Firstly,the parameter design,force analysis and strength check of the eccentric parallel four-bar feeding mechanism were completed;secondly,the design of the cutting mechanism including the cutting claw and its guiding mechanism was completed;again,it was matched with the feeding and cutting mechanism.The design of the conveying device;Finally,the design and selection of the driving motor and the cylinder of the cutting device are completed.(3)Design of the cutting device control system.Through the analysis of the working process of the cutting device,the design of the cutting control system based on PLC was completed,including the selection of the stepping motor and the drive,the double rod linear cylinder and the matching solenoid valve.The flow chart of the control system program was drawn and I/ was performed.O address allocation completed the preparation of the sequence function diagram and the program ladder diagram.Finally,the program was debugged.The results show that the control system can achieve the expected automatic cutting function and the performance is stable.(4)Using the theory and method of experimental analysis,using rose seedlings as the research object,the main parameters of the working performance of the cutting device affecting the verticality of cuttings: the distance between the storage cup and the cutting rack,the inclination angle of the storage cup,and the cross Rotation speed of the wheel.Three factors were analyzed by single factor test.A single factor test analysis was performed on three factors to determine the corresponding factor level,a rotational combination test was conducted,and the working parameters were optimized.Finally,the rotational speed of the cross eccentric disc was determined to be 2.06 revolutions per minute.When the distance between the seedling cup and the cutting rack is 2.01 mm,the 1.81° angle between the seedling cup and the vertical line is the optimal working parameter combination of the transplanter.The verticality of the seedling is 89°,which meets the design requirements.