Estimation Of Breeding Values In Simmental Cattle Using Animal BLUP Model

This study was conducted on production performance and growth records from 1975 to 2016 Simmental cattle in Xinjiang Hutubi Herd Farm,totally 6 milk production traits(305 days of milk yield,milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,milk lactose percentage,total solids,somatic cell count)and 13 growth traits(birth weight,weaning weight,body height,body length hard,body length soft,chest girth,circumference of abdomen,rump width,rump length,leg circumference,cannon circumference,mature cow weight,type classification)were considered for genetic evaluation.SAS8.1 software GLM process was used to analyze the effects of non genetic factors for each trait,DMU software was used to estimate variance components and breeding values,genetic trends analysis of the traits and Simmental population inbreeding of analysis.Finally,the optimal performance index of the field was established to select the core population of the herd.This study provided a theoretical basis for Simmental cattle breeding value estimation and breeding objectives program.In this paper,through the analysis of Simmental milk production traits and growth traits,and get the following results:(1)Analysis of the fixed effects of each trait by using least squares method,results showed that different birth year,birth season and gender had an extremely significant effect on birth weight and weaning weight in Simmental cattle(P<0.01).Different of parities had an extremely significant effect on 305 days of milk yield,milk fat percentage,lactose rate,total solids,somatic cell score,body height,body length hard,body length soft,chest girth,circumference of abdomen,rump width,rump length,leg circumference,cannon circumference and mature cow weight of Simmental cows(P<0.01),and had no significant effect on milk protein percentage and type classification(P>0.05).Different of calving year had an extremely significant effect on the main economic traits of Simmental cows(P<0.01).Different of calving seasons had an extremely significant effect on 305 days of milk yield,milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,total solids,somatic cell score,chest girth,circumference of abdomen,rump width,rump length,leg circumference and cannon circumference of Simmental cows(P<0.01),and had significant effect on lactose rate and type classification(P<0.05),and had no significant effect on body height,body length hard,body length soft and mature cow weight(P>0.05).(2)This study was used multiple trait animal model AIREML method to estimate of genetic parameters of 19 traits on Simmental cattel.The results showed that the estimated heritabilities of birth weight and weaning weight were 0.45,0.56,and the estimated heritabilities of 305 days of milk yield,milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,milk lactose percentage,total solids,somatic cell score,birth weight,weaning weight,body height,body length hard,body length soft,chest girth,circumference of abdomen,rump width,rump length,leg circumference,cannon circumference,mature cow weight and type classification of Simmental cows were 0.39,0.15,0.12,0.12,0.32,0.09,0.68,0.59,0.52,0.56,0.63,0.47,0.42,0.39,0.40,0.60 and 0.19.305 days of milk yield were compared with other body size traits and body height,circumference of abdomen,type classification between the positive genetic correlation in the range of 0.23 to 0.25;somatic cell score were negatively correlated with 305 of milk yield and milk fat percentage,ranging from-0.69 to-0.44;body weight were strong positive genetic correlated with body height,body length hard,body length soft,chest girth,circumference of abdomen in the range of 0.57 to 0.93.(3)This article were analysised genetic trends of the traits and inbreeding of Simmental population,finally,it constituted to the optimal performance index of the field.Results show that birth weight of genetic trend was little variation of the year and the change trend of weaning weight larger;the genetic trend of milk production traits were increased with the increase of year in the last 2010 to 2014 years,in addition to somatic cell score,the genetic trend of somatic cell score was a significant downtrend;growth traits of body height,chest girth,cannon circumference,leg circumference,cannon circumference and mature cow weight of genetic trend were increased with year;the Simmental cattle group the average inbreeding coefficient of the Simmental cattle group was lower,the inbred family had 21,the average inbreeding coefficient was 0.001813;according to the actual situation of farm was constituted to total performance index,160 cows(TPI >151)were selected to set up nucleus herd.