| Soil macrofauna plays an important role in improving the soil structure and promoting soil nutrient cycling and plays an important role in ecological restoration and reconstruction of fragile ecosystems.In order to explore the effect of different restoration modes on the structure characteristics of soil macrofauna community in the recovery status of coal gangue hill,the recoveried area of coal gangue hill in Huozhou was selected as the research area,and the combination of field survey and indoor laboratory observation was adopted.In September,6 plots of Huozhou Coal Gangue Hill different recovery methods were Helianthus annuus land,pomegranate land,jujube tree land,peach land,Fructus Crataegi land,grassland,and control corn which was not affected by coal gangue hill.The study was conducted on the soil macrofauna in different habitats.The community structure of macrofauna under different restoration patterns was analyzed.The correlations between the soil macrofauna and soil physical and chemical properties were also analyzed.The main results are as follows:(1)A total of 609 soil macrofauna were obtained from 7 plots,belonging to 3 phylum,6 classes,20 orders and 52 families.The dominant groups were 2 species of Formicidae and Isotomidae,accounting for 63.44% of the total number of trapped species,respectively.The common groups were 7 species,namely Tomoeeridae,Entomobryidae,Pupillidae,Garabidae,Salticidae,Lithobiidae,Enchytraeidae,accounting for 23.99% of the total catch.(2)The individual density of soil macrofauna with different restoration ways showed as follows: peatland > Helianthus annuus land > jujube field > wild grassland >pomegranate land>control corn land>Fructus Crataegi land,while the number of taxa showed as follows: Control corn land>peach tree land>jujube land>pomegranate land> Helianthus annuus land > Fructus Crataegi land > wild grassland,showing the difference of density and taxonomic distribution of soil macrofauna.The individual density and the number of taxa of the soil macrofauna in different types of land restorati on basically showed a cluster distribution.The individual density of Helianthus annuus land was significantly different in 0-10 cm layer and 20-30 cm layer.While that in Helianthus annuus land,jujube tree,and control corn,there was a significant difference between the 0-10 cm layer and the 20-30 cm layer in groups? number.(3)The diversity index of soil macrofauna showed that Shannon-Weiner diversity index(H'),Pielou evenness index(E),Margalef richness index(D)and so on were the highest in the control corn field,followed by Pomegranate,Fructus Crataegi,jujube and so on,the lowest for the Helianthus annuus,peach and wasteland.Simpson dominance index(C)showed the highest peach land,grassland,Helianthus annuus and other highest,jujube,pomegranate,control corn and Fructus Crataegi and other lowest.This showed that the diversity of cornfields is higher than that of coal gangue.The Jaccard index of soil macrofauna community was about 0.5 in all samples,which was similar to the others.(4)There was a significant negative correlation between the density of soil macrofauna and the number of taxa and soil pH,and there was a significant positive correlation between the density of available soil macrophyte and soil available phosphorus.There was a significant negative correlation between the number of macrofauna and soil moisture content.There was a significant positive correlation between animal individual density and soil total nitrogen and a positive correlation with soil total potassium content.The correlation with soil organic matter and total phosphorus was not significant.The correlation analysis of major soil fauna and soil physical and chemical properties in Huozhou gangue hill showed that the correlation between soil physical and chemical properties and soil fauna was not significant.The dominant group of soil animals in Huozhou gangue hill was the Formicidae and Isotomidae.The inconsistent distributions of individual densities and number of taxa in soil samples from different restoration plots indicated that the individual density of soil macrofauna was not necessarily affected by the number of taxa,and may be related to the number of dominant groups.The soil macrofauna of different land basically show ed an epigenetic distribution in the vertical direction.The individual densities,groups and diversity index of soil animals in the control corn plots were superior to the artificial recovery plots in coal gangue hill,but the differences in soil physical and chemical properties were not significant,and indicating that the artificial recovery of coal gangue hill in Huozhou still did not reach the local level.And the factors influencing the community structure of soil macrofauna were not only physical and chemical properties of the soil.May be related to years of recovery,soil structure,and planting methods... |
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