| As an important part of the urban ecosystem,urban green space not only provides the public with a place for leisure,entertainment and fitness,but also has the function of improving the urban ecological environment.However,due to the unreasonable design of garden plants and the poor management measures of garden maintenance,the urban green space pests have occurred seriously,causing great economic losses and destroying the beautiful garden landscape.In order to study the effects of different green spaces on arthropod communities and major pests in the city,this paper selected seven different types of green land in Yanji City.From June to October 2018,systematic surveys were conducted on arthropods in the plots.By counting the number of species,the number of individuals,calculating the diversity index,evenness,dominance,and concentration index,the effects of vegetation and soil on arthropods were studied,and the structural characteristics of arthropod communities were analyzed.The population dynamics of arthropod communities and major pests in different green areas of the city were studied.The survey collected a total of 18 orders of arthropods and 75 families,with an individual number of 36,228.There are mainly arachnids,such as arachnids,scorpions,and scorpions,belonging to the soft armor,the genus,the genus of the genus,the genus of the genus,the genus of the genus Hymenoptera,Hymenoptera,Orthoptera,Coleoptera,etc.The dominant species in the arthropod community are the genus Coleoptera,Hymenoptera,Arachnida,Diptera,Coleoptera,and Aphididae,among which the number of antidae and pteridophyte are particularly prominent,but individuals The volume is small.According to the classification of functional groups,the trend of neutral arthropods is the same as that of the whole community.The trend of pest sub-communities and natural enemy sub-communities is also the same,which indicates the pest sub-community and natural enemies sub-community of these different types of urban green space.It tends to be stable.With the change of time,the number of arthropod species and the number of individuals showed a downward trend.Due to the influence of climatic factors,the survey plots were strongly affected by rainfall in July,and the fluctuations occurred.From the perspective of different functional groups,the number of pest sub-communities With the increase of time,the natural enemies sub-population decreased with time,indicating the correlation between natural enemies and pest sub-communities.The corresponding relationship between neutral arthropods and pest sub-communities and natural enemies sub-communities did not indicate neutrality.The unique status of arthropods.Arachnida,Aphis,Hymenoptera,and Isoptera are related to total nitrogen,which includes the hyperthyroidism of the pests,the isoptera,and also the natural enemy,the arachnid and the isoptera,indicating the total nitrogen content.It has a certain impact on the distribution of natural enemies of pests.The available nitrogen was positively correlated with the order,and the available phosphorus was positively correlated with the genus Hydra.The total potassium was negatively correlated with the Isopoda and the true scorpion.PH>7 has artificial grass irrigation > artificial grass irrigation bridge > natural grass irrigation > artificial grass Joe.PH<7 is acidic:artificial grass,natural grass+Joe,natural grass+irrigation+Joe,which artificial grass is close to neutral,natural grass+Joe and natural grass+irrigation + Joe' s PH value is lower,these two The main trees in the plot are tall pine trees with a large amount of humus on the surface.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between PH and the number of individuals in the hymenoptera,and the number of Hymenoptera in natural grass + Qiao and natural grass + irrigation + Qiao was more than other plots.Therefore,we want to control the number of Hymenoptera pests can be achieved by adjusting soil pH.The number of arthropods,arachnids,Hymenoptera,Aphis,Aphis,Hymenoptera and Isoptera were positively correlated with soil organic matter,and the content of organic matter in various plots was natural grass irrigation > natural grass Joe > Artificial Grass Qiao > N atural Grass Irrigation > Artificial Grass Irrigation > Artificial Grass > Artificial Grass Irrigation,it can be seen that the organic matter content of artificial grass green land is less than that of natural green land.By comparing the artificial green land with the Hymenoptera and Homoptera more than the natural green land,the natural green land is higher than the artificial green land,and the Homoptera is mostly the pests of the genus Polygonaceae.According to the analysis of diversity index,the order of diversity index of different urban green space types is artificial grass > artificial grass irrigation > natural grass irrigation > natural grass irrigation > artificial grass Joe > natural grass Joe > artificial grass irrigation,uniformity The trend of change is consistent with changes in the diversity index.Among the various types of green land,the grass-filled green type of grass is the most stable,and the vegetation composition of the plot is complex,which can provide a complex feeding environment for the arthropod community,and also provides a broad living space for the arthropod community.According to the cluster analysis,the vegetation type of the survey plot has a greater impact on the arthropod community than the vegetation configuration.It is because the vegetation type limits the dominant species of the plot vegetation,and the vegetation species have an impact on the arthropods.Among the various functional groups,the diversity index of natural enemies sub-community is generally higher,indicating that the natural enemies sub-community is rich in species and the distribution of the population is evenly distributed.The diversity index of the sub-community is slightly lower than that of the natural enemy sub-community,with an average diversity.The sex index is only slightly smaller than the natural enemy sub-community.The uniformity and dominance also show similar rules to the natural enemy sub-community.The lowest diversity index of pest sub-communities is natural grass-filled arbor green land,which indicates that this green land pest community is not stable enough and is also the most susceptible to pests and diseases.The diversity index of neutral arthropods is relatively small,the index of dominant concentration is relatively high,and the diversity index is correspondingly small,which is also related to the growth and reproduction of arthropods themselves.According to factor analysis,the highest comprehensive score is artificial grassland,which indicates that the distribution of artificial grassland is the most optimal,which may be related to the regular improvement of artificial grassland. |
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