Research On The Spatial-temporal Differentiation And The Influencing Factors Of Agricultural Energy Efficiency In China

With the rapid development of modern agriculture,the role of energy in agricultural production is increasingly important.However,the increasing of agricultural energy investment and consumption has caused widespread concern about environmental issues focus on carbon emissions.Under the background of the promotion of green agriculture development in China,guided by low-carbon energy-saving and promoting the intensive use of agricultural resources has become the route one must take for agricultural development in the new era.Although the energy consumption in the agricultural sector is less than that in the industrial sector,the energy efficiency of the agricultural sector is low and the potential for energy conservation and emission reduction is large.Therefore,it is necessary to consider the energy efficiency of agricultural sector in China from the perspective of carbon emission constraints.Then we need to clarify the following questions: What is the current status of agricultural energy use and carbon emissions in China? What is the level of agricultural energy efficiency? What is the timing change? What kind of trends will there be in the future? What is the distribution characteristics of agricultural energy efficiency between provinces? What are the main drivers of agricultural energy efficiency? Based on these considerations,this paper answers these question from the perspective of total factor energy efficiency and spatial measurement.Mainly got the following conclusions:(1)Agricultural energy consumption and carbon emissions in China are staged,with large structural differences,and the heterogeneity between provinces and regions is obvious.The trend of total fluctuations in the agricultural energy consumption in China showed four stages of“stable rise-volatility rise-volatility decline-rapid rise”.The internal structure of coal and diesel accounted for the largest proportion,and the proportion of power increased the most.The province ranked the top eight in agricultural energy consumption,their total agricultural energy consumption accounted for 45.76% of the national total,and the last eight only accounted for8.34%.The priority of the development zone is the largest increase in agricultural energy consumption,and the growth rate of the protection development zone is the fastest.The total carbon emissions of agricultural energy sources in China showed a growth trajectory of“fluctuating rising-violent shocks-rising steadily”.In the internal structure of carbon emissions,electricity generates the most carbon emissions,and gasoline produces the least carbon emissions.The provinces in carbon emissions of agricultural energy sources ranked in the top eight accounted for 47.65% of the total national agricultural energy sources,and the last eight accountedfor only 8.68% of the national total.The agricultural energy source in the moderate development zone has the largest carbon emissions,and the protection development zone has the fastest growth rate.(2)The agriculture energy efficiency presents a phased change,and there is a regional imbalance,and the heterogeneity is obvious.First,the evolutionary trajectory of agricultural static all-element energy efficiency level in China shows an evolutionary trend of “stable-downward rise”.The static efficiency value of the priority development zone is greater than that of the moderate development zone and the protection development zone.The total energy efficiency level(GML index)of agricultural dynamics in China is declining,with an average annual rate change of-0.15%.The GML index of agricultural energy in the priority development zone is the highest,followed by the protection development zone and the lowest in the moderate development zone.From the perspective of GML index decomposition,agricultural energy scale efficiency level in China is rising,and technological progress,technology scale,and pure technology efficiency are all in a downward trend.Second,the overall regional disparity in agricultural energy efficiency in the four regions showed an expanding trend.The inter-regional gap gradually expanded and gradually exceeded the intra-regional gap,which became the main cause of the overall disparity.The intra-regional gaps of the four regions are at different levels and show a different evolution trend,and the gap between the western provinces is the largest,the middle is the smallest,and the rest is at the middle level.Third,the agricultural energy efficiency has changed from a bipolar distribution to a unipolar distribution.The absolute gap in agricultural energy efficiency has widened,and the agricultural energy efficiency in different provinces has diverged.Agricultural energy efficiency in China is declining.Polarization occurs in both priority development areas and moderate development areas.Fourth,agricultural energy efficiency status in China has an upward shift,with stability to maintain the original state,agricultural energy efficiency is difficult to achieve leapfrogging,and the transfer of agricultural energy efficiency status is mostly done on both sides of the diagonal.Fifth,agricultural energy efficiency in China is spatially related and has a strong spatial correlation.The spatial spillover effect is mainly in the high-high agglomeration region,secondly in low-low agglomeration region.(3)There is spatial correlation between agricultural energy efficiency in China,and geographical factors are an important factors affecting agricultural energy efficiency,and the effects of influencing factors in different regions are different.First,spatial geography has asignificant impact on agricultural energy efficiency in China.The level of urbanization,the internal structure of crops,and the agglomeration of agricultural industries all have a significant positive impact on the improvement of agricultural energy efficiency in the province.Income levels,animal husbandry structure,rural human capital levels,fiscal support policies,agricultural price policies,and extreme climate disasters have no significant impact on agricultural energy efficiency.Second,the urbanization level and agricultural price policy are conducive to improving the agricultural energy efficiency of neighboring provinces.The income level,the internal structure of the cropping industry and the animal husbandry structure are not conducive to improving the agricultural energy efficiency of neighboring provinces.The rural human capital level,the financial support agriculture policy agricultural industry agglomeration and extreme climate change have no significant impact on the energy efficiency of agriculture in neighboring provinces.Third,the impact directions and sizes of various driving factors between priority development areas and moderate development areas are different.Based on the analysis of this paper,the following policies are enlightened for improving agricultural energy efficiency and developing green low-carbon agriculture: First,rationally control the total agricultural energy consumption and gradually transform the agricultural energy utilization structure;second,develop and promote agricultural energy-saving and emission reduction.Third,adjust the structure of agricultural industry structure,appropriately expand the degree of agricultural industry concentration;Fourth,divide and rule,implement regionally differentiated agricultural energy conservation and emission reduction strategies.