Optimization Mechanism Of Soil-ridged Substrate-embedded Cultivation Of Sweet Pepper In Chinese Solar Greenhouse

Problems such as poor controllability of traditional soil culture environment in solar greenhouse,frequent low temperature stress in winter and spring stubble,low capacity of high and stable yield and so on persist.In addition,excessive fertilization is common in production,with low nutrient utilization rate,prominent resource problems and high environmental risks.In order to solve the above problems and realize the high and stable yield and green and sustainable development of facility vegetables,Guohai Fu invented the Soil-ridged and substrate-embedded cultivation?SSC?.On the basis of previous studies,this study conducted a further optimization experiment on the new cultivation method,in order to form a complete set of SSC cultivation process parameters,to achieve quality and efficiency,so that the new cultivation method can be better applied to production practice.For this reason,we studied the ridge specification,substrate ratio and root zone nutrient effects of SSC cultivation methods by field experiments,taking the growth and development performance of sweet pepper and root zone temperature response characteristics as reference indicators.1.In order to clarify the performance of temperature and heat of different ridge sizes of SSC,field experiments in the Chinese solar greenhouse.We designed 5 different kinds of cultivation treatments which included narrow ridge?T1??narrow ridge with black film?T2??short ridge?T3??high ridge?T4?and normal ridge?T5?,those based on the soil cultural as control?CK?.The results showed that the effect of black plastic film is poor,and the temperature of day and night is about 1.0?below that of white plastic film.Night root zone temperature decreased with the decrease of ridge width,and the effect of ridge height on root zone temperature was not obvious.Although there are some differences in daily variation of root zone temperature,but the diurnal mean temperature is between 17.5¹9.0?and the temperature difference between each other is around 1.0?.There was no significant difference in height,width and film type of cultivated ridge on plant height,stem diameter and SPAD of sweet pepper.But compared with the control group,the yield of each treatment group increased respectively,and the yield of short ridge?T3?was the highest,it was 6.1 kg·m^-2,compared with the control,the output increased by 90.6%.In addition,T3 treatment also had the highest dry matter accumulation in the experimental group.In summary,under the same drip irrigation level,the influence of different ridge sizes on root zone temperature and plant height,stem diameter and SPAD of sweet pepper were relatively weak.However,short ridge?T3?treatment had the highest yield and had the best production performance.Therefore,in the production of Chinese solar greenhouse,short ridge had better application and popularization value.2.In order to explore effects of new cultivation methods on yield and nitrogen and phosphorus absorption and utilization of sweet pepper under different fertilizer concentration and ridge size treatments,and explicit the result of new cultivation mode on reducing nitrogen and phosphorus residues in root zone.Partition experiment of sweet pepper in solar greenhouse,Under the same irrigation amount,high and low 2 fertilization levels should be set.And in each Partition to soil ridge?SR?as the control,set the normal ridge?NR?,short normal ridge?NRs?,narrow normal ridge normal?NRn?and double planting density normal ridge?NRd?4 kinds of r soil-ridged substrate-embedded cultivation ridge to explore the impact of different fertilization and ridge specifications on sweet pepper yield,biomass and root zone nutrient residues.The test results showed that increasing the amount of fertilizer can increase the yield,biomass,plant height and stem diameter of sweet pepper,but there is no obvious difference between the SPAD.The residue of nutrients in the root area was significantly correlated with the amount of fertilizer applied.With the increase of the amount of fertilizer the accumulation of nutrients in the root zone will also increase.Compared with the soil,SSC can promote the absorption of nutrients by sweet pepper and reduce the accumulation in the root zone,especially the nitrate nitrogen and avoid soil pollutions.In all treatments,NRs treatment had the highest yield,and the nutrient residue in the root zone is relatively low in 2 fertilization plots.Therefore,the optimized NRs treatment of ridge size has better application prospect in solar greenhouse.3.Soil ridged substrate-embedded cultivation?SSC?with different substrate ratios?peat:vermiculite:perlite=1:1:1,2:1:1,3:1:1,and 3:2:1?were used for planting sweet pepper in Chinese solar greenhouse to explore its effect on the growth and root zone temperature of sweet pepper.The results showed that root zone substrate temperature was significantly affected by soil temperature on both sides.The substrate temperature daily variations of different substrate ratios were different,but the difference of diurnal average temperature was not significant.The temperature differences between day and night of SSC with four substrate ratios were approximately 1.0–2.0?lower than soil.The substrate ratio had no significant effect on the plant height,stem diameter and SPAD of sweet pepper in different growth stages.But 2:1:1 substrate ratio significantly increased the dry mass of sweet pepper compared with other substrate ratios.The yield of sweet pepper cultivated in SSC with different substrate ratios was all higher than that of sweet pepper cultivated in soil,among them 2:1:1 substrate ratio had the highest yield?6.46 kg/m²?and was 103.1%higher than that of the soil.In terms of plant nutrient content,the content of sweet pepper treated with ratio 2 was the highest.In conclusion,substrate ratio had no significant effect on root zone temperature and plant height,stem diameter and SPAD of sweet pepper.However,2:1:1 substrate ratio could remarkably improve the dry mass,yield of sweet pepper and nutrient absorption.So 2:1:1 substrate ratio was more suitable for the production of sweet pepper in solar greenhouse.