| In view of the fact that the length of the northern and southern ridges of conventional solar greenhouses is relatively small,and the efficiency of field operations is not high,it is difficult to achieve mechanized and effective utilization.In this experiment,"Tontaral" tomato varieties were used as test materials to study the annual production effects of two different planting methods in the greenhouse in the east and west direction.And compared with the commonly used south-south ridge planting methods in production,the east-west ridge cultivation mode with little effect on yield was selected.Two large east-west ridges were designed based on two different ridges: North-South and East-West.Treatment A: one row of east-west ridges(10cm-100 cm spacing,110 cm ridge spacing);Treatment B: two rows of east-west ridges(Plant spacing: 40cm-70 cm,ridge distance: 80cm);compared with north-south ridge planting,CK1: large ridges from north to south in one row(30cm spacing,100 cm ridge distance);CK2: dense ridges in both north and south(10cm spacing,100 cm ridge spacing).After the analysis of crop growth,environment and yield,a comprehensive assessment of east-west ridge cultivation effects was conducted.The main findings are as follows:Treatment A had better permeability in the middle of the crops and better light in the lower part of the crops,which was conducive to seeing light ventilation and moisture in the interior of the group,which helped to prevent the outbreak of disease in a large scale,which was conducive to flowering and fruit setting.Due to the more even distribution of the environmental factors of treatment A,the environmental factors can be used more efficiently.Therefore,the treatment A has good growth,the leaves are large and robust,the aging is slow,the extension is good,and the plant type is even.The canopy leaf area index was small,the leaves in the group were small and the leaves gap was large,the light transmittance of the middle and lower parts of the plant group was good,and the shade was not serious.This mode of cultivation is more conducive to photosynthesis in plants in the region,providing more sufficient photosynthetic area for tomato yield formation.The accumulated amount of photosynthesis products in treatment A was large,the fruit setting rate was high,the average fruit weight was the highest,reaching 0.17 kg,and the yield per mu reached 7378.54 kg.The yield of treatment A mu was slightly higher than that of the traditional single-row CK1(6526.80 kg)in the north-south direction and treatment B(5692.50 kg)in the east-west double row treatment,which was significantly higher than that of the CK2(5418.27 kg)planted in the north-south direction.Therefore,treatment A can also meet the basic requirements for production.In addition,it is more convenient to use the A cultivation mode in the production process and the mechanized equipment for environmental regulation and operation.Although there is a certain spacing between the units dealing with treatment B,it provides light transmission for shades in the north-south direction.However,due to the growth of the leaves,the ridge seal is closed,the environment is not conducive to gas flow,and it is not conducive to light transmission and moisture dispersion.Making the plants in a high humidity environment for a long time can easily lead to the outbreak of diseases.After ridge-sealing,the plant growth became poor,the photosynthetic rate was low,and the yield was low,indicating that the cultivation structure of treatment B was unreasonable.Based on the above considerations,dealing with the cultivation form of planting ridges with large ridges to facilitate the realization of mechanization and the basic requirements for high yields and excellent yields in tomato production can be applied to large-scale practical production. |
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