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Studies On The Occurrence Rules And Green Control Techniques Of Apolygus Lucorum In Jujube Orchard In Jinzhong Region Of Shanxi Province

Posted on:2020-09-08Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:X F ZhangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2393330572991496Subject:Garden Plants and Ornamental Horticulture
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In recent years,Apolygus lucorum(Meyer-Dyur)is one of the most important forest pests on jujube orchard,and causing serious damage.In order to find out the occurrence regularity of Apolygus lucorum in jujube orchards in Jinzhong areaandfind out the comprehensive control measures of environmental protection and high efficiency,‘Huping' jujube orchards with different management levels in Taigu County of Jinzhong City and its surrounding areas were selected as the object of investigation,The activity Activity rules and life habits of Apolygus lucorumin jujube orchards were investigated by combining fixed-point systematic investigation with field survey and indoor and outdoor observation.At the same time,the techniques of biological control,physical control and scientific spraying control of Apolygus lucorum were investigated by random block design.The main conclusions are as follows:1.In ‘Huping'Jujube orchard with different management level,Apolygus lucorum overwintering eggs mainly distribute at wounds of stubble,with egg-carrying ratio of 20.00%~48.88%.followed by pruning wounds and middle-aged mother spur of jujube,with egg ratio of 10.00%~28.06% and 3.33%~23.33%,respectively.only a little distribute at one-year mother,old-aged mother spur of jujube and bark cracks;A small amount(3~13grains/m2)of overwintering eggs are found in weeds in jujube orchard,but rarely in soil;The egg-carrying rate of jujube orchards decreased significantly with the improvement of management level;The concentration of eggs distribution of A.lucorum is various in different sites of jujube tree,and the egg number was ranked as follows: wounds of stubble>mother spur of jujube>wounds of pruning>cracks of old barks.2.The occurrence species of miridsin jujube orchards in Jinzhong area was mainly A.lucorum,followed by Adelphocoris fasciaticollis.A small number of Lygus pratenszsand Trigonotylus ruficornis were also found on weeds in and around jujube orchards.A.lucorum occur five generations a year in jujube orchards,the first generation nymphs began to hatch in late April,and the peak period of hatching was from late April to early May,and insects number of a hundred branches reached 590,A.lucorum mainly mainly feed on the tender buds and leaves of jujube trees and the tender grass of Artemisia argyi on the ground;The second generation of A.lucorum began to appear in mid-May,at the end of May,jujube trees entered the flower bud stage,the feeding of bugs on jujube trees shifted from older leaves and buds to flower buds,and flower buds fell off in large quantities.The damage to the upper canopy of jujube tree is more serious than that in the middle and lower parts,and the damage to the eastern side of jujube tree is significantly lower than that in other directions;In mid-June,the third generation nymph appeared in jujube orchard,and the number was very small;From the end of June to the beginning of July,the majority of adults moved from jujube trees to weeds and crops aroundjujube orchards to feed and lay eggs.the nymphs and a few adults harmed jujube flowers and young fruits,causing a large number of flowers and fruits falling;In July and August,the third and fourth generations of A.lucorum mainly occurred in weed garden sand fields around jujube orchards,while only a few bugs occurred on jujube trees;In mid-August,the fifth generation nymphs began to appear,and at the end of month,A.lucorum on weeds began to return to lay eggs and overwinter in jujube orchard;In midSeptember,the number of A.lucorum in jujube orchards reached its peak,the number of a hundred branches reached 275,and then gradually disappeared.A.fasciaticollis mainly occur in July and August in jujube orchards,with fewer pests and less damage to jujube trees.The population dynamics and time of the main natural enemies of mirids,have a certain follow-up to mirid bugs.3.The nymphs of the A.lucorum are clustered in jujube trees,he intensity of the nymph aggregation increases with the increase of population density,and individuals attract each other,the reason is caused by Self-habits and environmental factors or by any one of them.4.The results of the study on the control technology of the A.lucorum in the jujube orchard show that:(1)The average amount of trapped insects by sticking yellow tape on tree trunk was 50.33,which was significantly higher than that by direct sticking on tree trunk and sticking transparent tape,the control effect of sticking yellow tape on tree trunk was the best.The leaf preservation effect of three different gumcoating treatments was over 42.58%.(2)The trapping effect of kelly sticky traps was stable and the best on A.lucorum,the trapping average amount reached 40.00,which was significantly higher than that of other colors;The best trapping effect on A.fasciaticollis was cyan sticky traps,average amount up to 26.00,which was significantly higher than other color sticky traps.At the end of autumn,sticky yellow boards can reduce the number of overwintering eggs of A.lucorum by 42.88%~87.56%.(3)The Average amount of A.lucorum trapped by triangular traps uses the inter-row and the inter-plant hanging was 197 and 143.The amount of bucket-type traps was 107 and 51.The triangular traps had the best effect and were more economical and convenient in production.(4)The results of field efficacy experiment showed that 0.5%veratrine and 3% abamectin in biological agents had good control effect on A.lucorum,the correction control effect reached 74.04% and 73.04% respectively three days after spraying;5% Lambda-cyhalothrin and 50% thiamethoxam had the best control effect among different chemical agents,the control effect was93.13% and 91.35% three days after spraying.Followed by 40% chlorpyrifos,but the efficacy of chlorpyrifos decreases significantly 7 days after spraying.25% Imidacloprid also has good control effect and stable efficacy;35% chlorpyrifos+5% acetamiprid had the most prominent control efficiency on A.lucorum,the best control effect was 94.11% one day after treatment,and the effect was stable and lasting,the control effect still reached 91.62% seven days after spraying.In the process of agentia control,we should pay attention to the alternation and mixing of medicines,so as to use agentia scientifically.
Keywords/Search Tags:Apolygus lucorum, jujube tree, occurrence rules, spatial distribution pattern, green control techniques
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