Effects Of Different Nitrogen Fertilizers On The Growth And Fertilizer Utilization Ratio Of Spring Wheat

In order to improve the utilization ratio of ammonium sulfate as nitrogen fertilizer and achieve high yield,high efficiency,energy saving,and environmental protection in crop production,this experiment was conducted with no-nitrogen fertilizer as control treatment to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizers,including ordinary urea,ordinary ammonium sulfate,and long-acting ammonium sulfate(nitrification inhibitor 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine containing 2% ordinary ammonium sulfate)on the soil nutrient content,spring wheat biomass,and fertilizer utilization ratio under the condition of equal amount of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium with greenhouse pot experiment.In order to promote the application of ammonium sulfate in Shanxi agricultural production.The test results are as follows:(1)The effects of three nitrogen fertilizers(long-acting ammonium sulfate,common ammonium sulfate,and common urea)on soil nutrient content at different growth stages of spring wheat,the results showed that long-acting ammonium sulfate could significantly increase the soil total nitrogen content and soil available nitrogen content at different growth stages of spring wheat comparing to common ammonium sulfate and urea,.The maximum content of soil total nitrogen and soil available nitrogen were 0.64 g/kg and 185.84 mg/kg at seedling stage.Long-acting ammonium sulfate had no significant effect on the content of soil total phosphorus,but at heading stage and mature stage,long-acting ammonium sulfate could significantly increase the content of soil available phosphorus.Long-acting ammonium sulfate had no significant effect on soil total potassium content,while long-acting ammonium sulfate effectively increased soil available potassium content at seedling and heading stages.(2)The effects of three nitrogen fertilizers(long-acting ammonium sulfate,common ammonium sulfate and common urea)on soil nitrogen transformation at different growth stages of spring wheat,the results showed that long-acting ammonium sulfate could effectively prevent the nitrification of NH4+-N and increase the content of ammonium nitrogen in soil.The content of ammonium nitrogen in soil of SASN(SASN1,SASN2)treatment was the highest,which was 1290.84% and 221.36% higher than that of ASN(ASN1,ASN2),U(U1,U2)treatment at seedling stage,while nitrate nitrogen content was the lowest compared with ASN(ASN1,ASN2),U(U1,U2)treatment,it was reduced by 94.66% and 91.42%,respectively.Thus it reduced the loss of nitrogen.The nitrate nitrogen content in soil increased sharply at mature stage of spring wheat due to the weakening of nitrification inhibitors in ASN treatments.Nitrification inhibitors combined with ordinary ammonium sulfate can maintain a higher content of NH4+-N,so the decreasing trend of soil p H is slowed down.(3)The effects of three nitrogen fertilizers(long-acting ammonium sulfate,common ammonium sulfate and common urea)on plant height and biomass of spring wheat in mature stage,the results showed that long-acting ammonium sulfate,common ammonium sulfate and common urea all had positive effects on plant height and biomass of spring wheat,The effect of long-acting ammonium sulfate was relatively the largest.Common ammonium sulfate,common urea,and long-acting ammonium sulfate increased plant height and biomass of spring wheat by 17.37%,6.66%,and 15.75% and 65.60%,4.58%,and 4.50% respectively comparing to control treatment.(4)The effects of three nitrogen fertilizers(long-acting ammonium sulfate,common ammonium sulfate and common urea)on nutrient content and fertilizer utilization ratio of spring wheat,the results showed that long-acting ammonium sulfate increased nitrogen fertilizer utilization ratio of spring wheat by 100% and 85.71% respectively comparing to common ammonium sulfate and urea,,and also improved phosphorus uptake by crops.Compared with common ammonium sulfate and urea,phosphorus fertilizer utilization ratio of spring wheat increased by 100% and 50% respectively,However,long-acting ammonium sulfate did not improve potassium utilization ratio of crops.The results showed that the combination of nitrification inhibitor 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine and ammonium sulfate significantly increased the content of soil total nitrogen content and soil available nitrogen content at different growth stages of spring wheat,and effectively increased the content of NH4+-N in soil,and reduced the content of NO3--N in soil,and promoted the uptake of nitrogen by crops,and improved the nitrogen fertilizer utilization ratio of spring wheat,and increased the plant height and biomass of spring wheat.Therefore,the rational combination of nitrification inhibitor 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine and ordinary ammonium sulfate can be applied in Shanxi agricultural production to improve the utilization ratio of ammonium sulfate as nitrogen fertilizer and promote the application of ammonium sulfate as nitrogen fertilizer in Shanxi.