Study On Fertilization System Of One-year-old Magnolia Wufengensis Seedlings

Magnolia wufengensis L.Y.Ma et L.R.Wang as a newly discovered species of Subgenus Yulania in Magnoliaceae has high ornamental value and scientific research value.It has formed the cultivating pattern by seedling-raising,but it has yet to formulate more mature system of fertilizer application in the management.Fertilization is a major means of traditional plant nutrition regulation.Fertilizer is an important factor of seedling growth and development,also is one of the most easy factors to control.And reasonable fertilizer management is conducive to seedlings growth potential.Set up a scientific,standardized,reasonable fertilization system for the formation of high quality seedling cultivation system has guiding significance.In this paper,it discussed 9 ratio of N,P,K and 3kinds of fertilization times by analyzing the seedling height,ground diameter,chlorophyll content,each organ nutrient content,translocation,nutrient utilization and soil properties.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Different ratio of N,P,K and fertilization times could affect the seedling height growth.The traetment A3B3C2(69.34cm)which fertilization times was 6 dealt the beast with the height.The basic rule of seedling height growth was "rise—fall",and showed significant differentce(p<0.05).(2)Different ratio of N,P,K and fertilization times could affect the ground diameter growth.The traetment A3B2C1(11.672mm)which fertilization times was 6 dealt the beast with the height.The basic rule of seedling height growth was "fall—rise",and showed significant differentce(p<0.05).(3)Different ratio of N,P,K and fertilization times could affect the chlorophyll content significantly.The treatment A3B3C2(20.33mg·g-1)had the highest chlorophyll content during the whole growth,which was best for photosynthetic.The rough rule of chlorophyll content was "rise—smooth—fall",that was accorded to the law of the plants growth.(4)Different ratio of N,P,K and fertilization times could affect the biomass.The accumulation regularity of seedling biomass was roughly as "root>stem>leaf".The percentage of root biomass decreased when fertilizing.The treatments had higher percentage(42.5%?57.3%)of root biomass under 8 times fertilization,and the traetment A3B1C3(17.04 g·strain-1,52.3%)dealt the beast with the root biomass.Fertilization treatment can significantly increase the stem biomass of seedlings.The treatment A3B3C2(10.64 g·strain-1,3 1.3%)which fertilization times was 8 dealt the beast with the stem biomass,and was 244.3%higher than CK(3.09 g·strain-1,24.7%).The influence on leaf biomass was not very significant,among them the treatment A3B3C2(7.06 g·strain-1)has the highest biomass,which was 168.4%higher than CK(2.63g·strain-1).Fertilization treatment can significantly improve the whole plant biomass,and the biomass of the treatment A3B3C2(34.03 g·strain-1)was the highest,which was 172.2%higher than CK(12.50 g·strain-1).(5)Different ratio of N,P,K and fertilization times could affect the accumulatin of nutrition.The rule of accumulatin of nutritionwas roughly like "N>P>K"whilie nitrogen accumulation was"root>leaf>stem",phosphorus accumulation was "root>leaf>stem",potassium accumulation was "root>stem>leaf".Including the accumulation of nitrogen,the treatment A2B1C2(21.539g·kg-1)which under the 8 fertilization time had the highest content.When the fertilization time was 8,the treatment A1B3C3(3.92 g·kg-1)had the highest phosphorus.In the accumulation of potassium,the treatment A3B2C1(38.102g·kg-1)had the highest content under 6 fertilization times.(6)Different ratio of N,P,K and fertilization times could affeet the translocation,nutrient utilization obviously.The translocation of potassium was higher than nitrogen and phosphorus,and the translocation of N,P,K under the 6 times fertilizer was higher than others when fertilization times were 4 and 8.The highest translocation of nitrogen was the treatment A2B1C2(39.0%)which fertilization times was 8.The treatment A1B3C3(51.8%)under the 8 fertiliazer times had the highest translocation of phosphorus.While the treatment A3B2C1(58.3%)which fertilization times was 6 had the highest translocation of potassium.Nitrogen nutrient utilization was higher than potassium,while potassium nutrient utilization was higher than phosphorus.As the same with translocation,the highest nutrient utilization of nitrogen was the treatment A2B1C2(136.9%)which fertilization times was 8.The treatment A1B3C3(49.2%)under the 8 fertiliazer times had the highest nutrient utilization of phosphorus.While the treatment A1B3C3(71.5%)which fertilization times was 6 had the highest nutrient utilization of potassium.(7)Different ratio of N,P,K and fertilization times had an impact on soil properties to a certain extent.Under this experimental cinditions,there were not apparently difference between fertiliazation treatments and CK in soil pH,and mamtamed in the range of 7.78?7.92.And the influence of fertilization times was not very significant.Rules of soil nutrient content in contrary to the rules of plants,the highest content of nitrogen was the treatment A1B2C2(4.531g·kg-1)which fertilization times was 8.The treatment A2B1C2(1.610 g·kg-1)under the 8 fertiliazer times had the highest content of phosphorus.While the treatment A1B1C1(5.137 g·kg-1)which fertilization times was 6 had the highest content of potassium.(8)Using the seedling quality index and the method of PCA(principal component analysis)to analyze the fertilization effect comprehensively.From the point of seedling quality index,the treatment A2B2C3(3.4280)under 8 fertilization times,the treatment A2B3C1(3.4213)under 6 fertilization times,and the treatment A3B3C2(3.1915)under 6 fertilization times had the higher QI.The scores caiculated by the PCA showed that the treatment A3B3C2(127.6)had the best fertilization effect.Above all,fertilization was beneficial to promote the growth of seedling.Under this experimental condition,the treatment A3B3C2 which fertilization times was 6 was has the best fertilization effect,while the rate of the nitrogen fertilizer application was 480mg·strain-1,the rate of the phosphorus fertilizer application was 320mg·strain-1,the rate of the potassium fertilizer application was 160mg·strain-1,and the ratio was 3:2:1.