| This topic aimed at the degradation of alpine grassland to tap the potential of grassland water resources.Ultimately the goal of "win-win",which can protect alpine grassland ecology and increase the income of herders,was achieved by the means of constructing the water-grass-livestock balance allocation scheme.Grass and livestock are often the core in the traditional Grazing area management,which means that grass is used to regulate the amount of livestock.It is not adjustable because how much livestock can be raised based on the amount of grass.The water-grass-animal balance allocation scheme is based on the relationship between water,grass and livestock.This scheme changes grassland production through regulating water resources allocation so as to form an adjustable balance relationship between grassland and livestock.In order to achieve this goal,it is necessary to clarify the potential of water resources,formulate an effective allocation scheme,and set a balance threshold of "water use" and "grass production" according to the actual situation.Finally,around the core idea of "fixing grass by water and livestock by grass",this article help the research area herders choose the best grazing mode by focusing on the core idea of "determining grass by water and determining livestock by grass".The Yugur Autonomous County in Sunan was selected as the main research area according to the special grassland distribution in Qilian Mountains.Based on field investigation,data statistics and situation simulation.The method of field investigation combined with data statistics and scenario simulation were adopted.Firstly,the distribution of water conservancy projects and the current situation of grassland utilization in Sunan County were obtained by visiting natural grassland and relevant government departments several times.Secondly,on the basis of statistical analysis,the data of local precipitation,water use planning,water supply capacity,grassland productivity,livestock carrying capacity and water supply potential of grassland were obtained.Thirdly,based on the data obtained,the spatial matching relationship of water and grassland resources was plotted with the help of analysis software,and the feasibility of grassland Irrigation and the benefits of irrigation and rain-fed were determined.Finally,according to the actual situation of different regions,the best water-grass-animal configuration plan was formulated.The results showes that:1.Sunan County has abundant water resources,with 428 million m3 of surface water resources and 106 million m3 of groundwater resources,of which 53.99 million m3 can be used for grassland irrigation.2.Underload in summer and overload in winter are serious,reaching 280,000 sheep units.Feeding pressure is so high that feeding must be carried out in house.3.The productivity of natural grassland is limited by precipitation,which is about 1000kg/hm2 in summer and 800kg/hm2 in winter.4.Using the above conclusions as a limiting condition,the simulation of water and grass livestock allocation can be carried out.The feasible allocation schemes of Sunan County include:model I irrigation and grass filling mode,mode Ⅱ irrigation grass planting mode and mode Ⅲirrigation+rainfed supplemental grass filling mode,of which mode Ⅱ and Ⅲ should be carried out under the premise of reducing the amount of grazing.This study improves management efficiency by optimizing production models.By controlling the main direction of pastoral management,the allocation process and methods can play a guiding role in grassland management.That is to say,in the future grassland management,we can use this as a reference framework and select suitable grazing mode according to specific grazing conditions to enhance grassland management comprehensive benefits bewteen ecology、economy and society in China. |
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