Study On Cultivation Of Hericium Erinaceus By Several Kinds Of Agricultural And Forestry Wastes

Hericium erinaceus is a kind of rare and precious fungi for food and medicine.It is delicious in taste,rich in nutrition,and has the functions of nourishing and health care,such as digesting,benefiting the five Zang organs and so on.The market demand is large.In this paper,Seven different matrix formulations were prepared with Melia azedarach sawdust,mulberry shavings and Artemisia dregs,and cottonseed husk as the control material.The effects of different formulations on the growth of Hericium erinaceus,the growth and development of fruiting body and the yield of Hericium erinaceus were compared.The activity of metabolism-related extracellular enzyme and nutrient composition of fruiting body were studied,and the most suitable cultivation formula for the growth of Hericium erinaceus was selected.The results showed that:1?Among them,the mycelium growth rate of mulberry shavings and cottonseed shells was the fastest,followed by Melia azadirachta sawdust and cottonseed shells which accounted for 39% of the total mycelium growth rate,and the cottonseed shells accounted for 39% of the total mycelium growth rate of Melia azedarach and cottonseed shells.The mycelium growth rates of 0.45 cm/d and 0.43 cm/d,were the shortest,all of which were 27 days,which was 32.35% faster than that of mulberry or Melia azadirachta sawdust.Moreover,the mycelium was dense,white and stout,and the growth of the mycelium was better than that of mulberry shavings or Melia azedarach sawdust.2?The yield of fruiting body of different matrix formula is different,the yield of formula 5 is the highest,the average yield of the first 3 tidal mushrooms is 255.95 g/bag,the biological conversion rate is 94.79% ,the next is formula 1,which is 78% of Melia azedarach sawdust.The yield of fr-uiting body was 204.59 g/bag,which was 46.37% and 17% higher than that of the control respectively.The fruiting body was large,compact,less malformed mushroom and good commodity characters.3?The extracellular enzyme activities of Hericium erinaceus were different between the proto-formation stage and the first and second growth stages.but the change trend of the four enzyme activities was the same,all of which showed a gradual decrease in the stage of primordium formation and the growth interphase of the first tidal mushroom after harvest.The highest enzyme activities of amylase,protease,pectase and CMC enzyme were formula 1,formula 4,and enzyme 1,2,respectively.Formula 6 and recipe 5.The enzyme activity in primordial formation period was higher than that in the first and second growth stages.4.?Hericium erinacecs fr-uit body is rich in mineral elements,protein,crude polysaccharide,fat and free amino acids and other nutrients.Among the seven formulations tested,formula 5 had the highest nutritional content,with crude polysaccharide,protein,fat and free amino acids being 4.01%,31.30%,3.60% and 24.56%,respectively.Formula 1,78% crude polysaccharide of Melia azedarach sawdust was 3.60% ,second only to formula 5.Formula 4 is second only to formula 5 in protein,fat and free amino acids.5?In terms of economic benefits,the average profit of formula 5 was 1.11 yuan/bag,followed by formula 2 was 0.8 yuan/bag.In combination with the above analysis,Melia azedarach sawdust,mulberry shavings and Artemisia dregs could all be used as culture materials to cultivate Hericium erinaceus,but the mycelium growth rate is fast and the yield and economic benefit are the best when mulberry shavings partly replaces cottonseed shells culture material.Formula 1(78% Melia azedarach sawdust),formula 4(39% Melia azedarach sawdust,39% cottonseed shells)and formula 5(39% mulberry shavings,39% cottonseed shells)could be considered as culturing materials for Hericium erinacezs,and formula 5 was the best.Therefore,the optimum culturing formula of Hericium erinaceus was 39% mulberry shavings,39% cottonseed shells,20% wheat bran,1% gypsum and 1% sugar.