| Bletilla striata?Thunb.?Reichb.f.,also known as B.striata,is a perennial herb of the orchid family.It has a unique flower type and large and colourful flowers.In this paper,B.striata is used as the experimental material.Taking potted B.striata as experimental material,two treatments,biochar?C?and nitrogen fertilizer?N?were set in the factorial design with four levels of each treatment(C0:0 kg·hm-2,C1:2 500 kg·hm-2,C2:7 500kg·hm-2,C3:12 500 kg·hm-2;N0:0 kg·hm-2,N1:90 kg·hm-2,N2:180 kg·hm-2,N3:270kg·hm-2).Measured the B.striata soil nutrient concentrations,the nutrient concentrations and biomass of different parts of B.striata under the additions of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer,and the photosynthetic physiology of B.striata leaves.And we analyzed the differences between biochar and/or niteogen treatments in order to select the fertilization scheme suitable for B.striata growth on the premise of reasonable fertilization and ensuring soil quality.The main research results are as follows:?1?Single application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer had significant effects on soil pH and nutrient content.Nitrogen addition led to soil acidification,increased soil organic carbon content and nitrogen level,and activated soil phosphorus to some extent.N2treatment significantly increased soil nitrate nitrogen,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and total phosphorus content.The application of biochar can improve soil acidity,increase soil organic carbon content,and have a certain impact on soil nitrogen and phosphorus,C3treatment significantly increases soil pH,organic carbon,ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content.while the treatment of C2N1 significantly increases soil pH,organic carbon,nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen content.?2?The effects of biochar and nitrogen monoculture on the nutrient content of B.striata in different parts were significant.N1 treatment significantly increased the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen in B.striata leaf and tuber,but the nitrogen addition did not change the nutrient accumulation in B.striata root.Biological carbon and nitrogen fertilizer NPK,can significantly improve the B.striata roots of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and the absorption of leaf nitrogen accumulation,C2N1 treatment significantly increased carbon,nitrogen and B.striata tuber B.striata root carbon,nitrogen accumulation.Compared with adding biochar alone,the application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer increased the accumulation of nitrogen in B.striata leaves.The accumulation of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in the root of B.striata was increased by using biochar and nitrogenous fertilizer.Among the effects on the biomass of B.striata,the fresh and dry biomass of C2N1 treatment were 27.04±0.79 g and 17.05±0.50 g respectively,which were better than that of biochar and nitrogen.The results indicated that biochar and n fertilizer application would be a reasonable fertilization method for the accumulation of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus and the total biomass of the fresh weight and dry weight of B.striata.?3?Single application of nitrogen fertilizer had a significant effect on the Gs,Ci and Tr of B.striata.Pn,Gs,Ci,Tr,Ls and WUE of B.striata were significantly affected by the single application of biochar,the combination of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer.Compared with single application of biochar or nitrogen fertilizer,biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer had a significant effect on all photosynthetic indexes of B.striata,and the correlation between the indexes was very strong,which could make up for the fact that nitrogen fertilizer single had no significant effect on Pn of B.striata,and was more beneficial to improve the photosynthetic ability of B.striata.The Principal Component Analysis?PCA?of different levels of the combination of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application showed that C2N2,C2N1 and C3N2 treatment significantly promoted the photosynthetic physiology of B.striata.In conclusion,considering soil quality,plant photosynthetic physiology strength,productivity capacity and biomass of main parts,etc.,and from the perspective of the concept of sustainable development of resources,suggest use of 7 500 kg·hm-22 biochar and90 kg·hm-22 nitrogen fertilizer?C2N1 treatment?,this way of fertilizing can be on the basis of keeping the soil fertility,improve the nutrient accumulation,photosynthetic ability of B.striata and total biomass. |
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