Research On Endogenous Hormones And Molecular Regulation Mechanism In Female Inflorescence Differentiation Of Castanea Mollisima Blume

Castanea mollisima Blume is an important woody grain plant,however,Castanea mollisima Blume has less female flowers and more male flowers,which is one of the main limiting factors for its high yield.Therefore,how to control the sex differentiation of flowers and effectively adjust the proportion of males and females to increase yield is an urgent problem to be solved in chestnut production.In this regard,this paper through the transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of the two mixed flower buds before and after the critical period,as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis of the six major classes of hormones during flower bud differentiation,and further explore the relevant regulatory genes in the flowering process.This syudy were preliminarily revealed the differences in endogenous hormones and gene expression during the differentiation of Castanea mollisima Blume mixed flower buds before and after the critical period.The research conclusions are as follows:1.We constructed four transcriptomes of two kinds of mixed flower buds before and after the critical period,and a large number of differential genes were obtained.These differential genes were annotated into different GO-terms such as molecular function,cellular components and biological processes.The results of KEGG pathway enrichment indicated that the main differential metabolic pathways between the two flower buds of Castanea mollisima Blume before and after the critical period were mainly concentrated in metabolic pathways,secondary metabolite biosynthesis,and plant-pathogen interaction.In addition,a number of genes related to the flowering pathway were screened from the transcriptome data,and 6 of them were quantitatively verified by qPCR.The results were basically consistent with the expression trends of the transcriptome data.2.We also constructed the four metabolomes of the mixed flower buds before and after the critical period,and got a large number of differential metabolites,such as amino acids and derivatives from it.These differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,amino acid biosynthesis and other pathways which regulate the flower bud differentiation of Castanea mollisima Blume.Combining the buds and metabolomes of the fully integrated flower buds before and after the critical period with incompletely mixing the flower buds before and after the critical period,we obtained 34 differential metabolites and 686 differential genes,which determined that the fully mixed flower buds after dormancy in winter Important substances and genes that develop into female inflorescences.Through the construction of metabolites and gene-related networks,we obtained a gene GRF2 that is important in the development of female flowers.3.Qualitative and quantitative analysis of 6 major plant hormones showed that isopentenyl porphyrin,trans-zeatin,methyl jasmonate and gibberellin 19 promoted the differentiation of flower buds into female flowers,salicylic acid Cis-zeatin is beneficial to the differentiation of male flowers.Based on the transcriptome,we screened a number of genes related to abscisic acid.The results showed that the ABA content in the dormant period decreased,and it was speculated that the lower content of ABA was beneficial to the differentiation of female inflorescence.