Ettects Of Growth Regulator And Organic Calcium On Flower Differention And Fruit Yield And Quality Of Castanea Mollissima Blume

Castanea mollissima Blume is an important economic tree species in China.However,the ratio of male and female flowers in Chinese chestnut is seriously unbalanced."Zun Hua short sting" chestnut as the test materials in hebei area,in the bud and the new growth stage spraying growth regulator respectively,to explore the Chinese chestnut flower bud differentiation of gender impact factor and fruit quality control factor,to increase the female and male reduction effect.The results are as follows:1.50mg/L 6-BA significantly increases the number of female flower buds by 1.56 compared with the control group.The number of female flowers increase by 0.42 compared with the treatment of 6-BA at 150mg/L.Although 150mg/L 6-BA promotes the differentiation of female flowers,the male effect is more obvious.50mg/L GA₃ significantly increases the number of female flower buds on the mother branch to 3.08,which had no significant effect on the number of male flower order,but significantly reduces the ratio of male to female.250mg/L GA₃ significantly reduces the number of male inflores.Application of 0.2nmol /L SA could significantly promote the differentiation of female flowers in chestnut,increasing to 3.17,and reducing the ratio of male to female.The effect of 2 nmol/L SA is more significant.The effect of low concentration of organic calcium on promoting male and female is significant,and the number of male and female flowers on the mother branch is 2.67 and 34.50,respectively.It also significantly reduces the ratio of males to females.The above treatments have no significant effect on the incidence of fruiting branches.2.After various spraying treatments,the single fruit weight,the percentage of bunching,the percentage of bunching and the number of nuts per total package all increased,and there is a significant difference between them.The height,transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of chestnut are not significantly affected.150mg/L 6-BA significantly increases the single fruit weight of chestnut from 10.694 g to 12.897 g.SA spraying with 0.02nmol/L is more helpful to improve the yield and yield of Chinese chestnut,with the values of 98.33% and 97.92%,respectively.Spraying 250mg/L GA₃ and diluting 1100 times of organic calcium significantly increase the number of nuts per involucre to 2.90.3.In the process of bud differentiation of chestnut,indicating that the lower content of GA₃ is conducive to the sex differentiation of chestnut flower buds.The results show that the low content of IAA and ABA is beneficial to the sex differentiation of chestnut flower buds.In contrast,indicating that high levels of endogenous ZT contribute to flower bud sex differentiation.At the same time,it can be concluded that low level of GA₃/IAA and ABA/IAA is beneficial to sex differentiation of chestnut flower buds.The higher level of ZT/IAA is beneficial to the sexual differentiation of flower buds.4.The addition of 50mg/L 6-BA,50mg/L GA₃,0.2nmol/L SA and the dilution of 1100 times of organic calcium can all increase the content of N,P,K and Ca in the Chinese chestnut inflocence and promote the accumulation of mineral elements.With the change of time,the N and P contents in the upper inflorescence of chestnut flower bud differentiation showed a decreasing trend,indicating that N and P were consumed in the process of chestnut flower bud differentiation.The addition of 50mg/L GA₃ promotes the accumulation of N and P content,and increases the N content from 2.513% to 2.822%,which is more conducive to the gender differentiation of flower buds.The content of K and Ca increases gradually.Among them,the K content of 0.2nmol/L SA treatment is the most significant,which increased by 0.245% compared with the control group.Calcium injection significantly increases the Ca content from 0.978% to 1.028%.5.The content of soluble sugar,soluble starch and crude protein in Chinese chestnut inflorescence increase to different degrees after the application of plant growth regulator.The soluble sugar content in Chinese chestnut inflorescence increases gradually during the bud differentiation.The addition of 50mg/L 6-BA and the dilution of 1100-fold organic calcium have the most significant effect on the increase of soluble sugar content,and increased by 1.383% and 2.290% compared with the control.The contents of soluble starch and crude protein decreases gradually.The soluble starch content of GA₃ and 0.2nmol/L with 50mg/L SA show the most obvious effect on the increase of soluble starch content,and the difference between the two is not significant.On May 24,the soluble starch content increases by 0.752% and 0.812%,respectively.The content of crude protein is significantly increased by applying 50mg/L GA₃,which increased from 15.706% to 17.639%.6.The study shows that the spraying of plant growth regulator at different periods have no significant effect on the nutrient content of chestnut fruit;The spraying of different kinds of growth regulators at the same time can have a certain effect on the growth regulator.At the germination stage,the soluble sugar content of the fruit increases to 25.304% under the 50mg/L 6-BA,and the taste of the chestnut becomes sweeter.The addition of 50mg/L 6-BA treatment is the most beneficial to the increase of soluble starch content in fruits,reaching 39.754%.Low levels of GA₃ increase the accumulation of soluble proteins to 10.356%.