Study On Flowering Biological Characteristics Of Clematis Patens

The flowering biology of introduced wild flower Clematis patens mainly includes flower bud differentiation and flower organ development process,flower part comprehensive characteristics and breeding system,flowering phenology and its pollination mechanism.It was studied this paper systematically and hopes to reveal it as it will provide theoretical references for its subsequent introduction and cultivation,flowering regulation,cross breeding and breeding,and provide theoretical basis for its future garden application.The results showed:Flower bud bifferentiation and floral organ development:The test was carried out by paraffin sectioning and the results showed that,the differentiation of lotus flower buds begins at 5?7 days after plant germination,the process of flower bud differentiation of Clematis patens can be divided into five stages which included undifferentiated period,early stage of bud differentiation,differentiation stage of septal primordial,the differentiation period of stamens primordium and the differentiation period of pistil primordium,From the initial stage of flower bud differentiation to the end of flower bud differentiation,its lateral length was increasing.There were four rooms anthers of Clematis fusca.The anther wall consisted of five layers of construction that included epidermis,endothecium,middle layer(2 layers)and tapetum.Microspore mother cell meiosis formed tetrad,there had both continuous and simultaneous forms in cytoplasmic division.The tetrad is decomposed into mononuclear pollen grains under the action of the tannin enzyme secreted by the tapetum,and then the mononuclear pollen grains finally formed mature dinuclear pollen grains through a series of processes.Clematis patens was an inverted ovule,the ovule was born on the placenta and single bead,The embryo sac of matured clematis was composed of helper cells,antipodal cells,polar nuclei,egg cells,and filaments.The developmental type of embryo sac was monospore embryo sac.It is of great significance to study the development process of flowering regulation and flower quality and quantity.Flower department comprehensive characteristics and breeding system:The ammonium acetate method could quickly and accurately determine the pollen viability of Clematis glabra L,and the results showedthatin initial flowering and full bloom had higher pollen vigor,and the pollen could be storage a longer time at 4?,and the pollen had higher vigor in 3 days when it was flowered.The pollination of the Clematis patens could be maintained for a long time,and there was higher stigma receptivity when flowered in 2 to 6 days,the selection of artificially assisted pollination should take full account of pollen vigor and stigma receptivity.The Clematis patens was a single flower top,which single flowering period was 5 to 7 days,and per plant had 4 to 7 flowers.The outcrossing index and the pollen-ovule ratio was comprehensive analysed was 2368.79,combined with the results of bagging test,the breeding system of Clematis patens can be determined as outcrossing,partially self-compatible and needed pollinators during pollination.The research results have reference value for hybrid breeding(4),selection of artificially assisted pollination period,and hybrid breeding methods.Flowering phenology and pollinating insects:Through field observations and data analysis,the results showed that the population flowering of Clematis patens was from mid to May to mid to late June,the adaptability of plants to the environment during long-term evolution made their flowering period showed certain stability.The flowering proportion of Clematis patens was highest in late May to early June,which showed multiple peaks,and the highest flowering ratio was more than 90%.The population of Clematis patens had a faster flowering rate,and the cumulative flowering ratio had reached 100%about one week after the start of flowering.There were 6 species,13 families and 18 species of Clematis patens.Among them,3 species,3 families and 8 species were pollinators.Among them,Chinese honeybees,short-tailed tube flies and scorpion flies,etc.,were believed that they played an important role in the pollination of Clematis patens.,because of their long single flower stay and high frequency of visited.The research results are important for the future study of the influence of the external environment on the activities of pollinators and the selection of pollinators.