Studies On Yield Components Of Armeniaca Sibirica Clones Based On Tree Structure

Armeniaca sibirica is a tree species that combines ecological,economic and social benefits.It has broad application prospects and great development potential.Low and unstable yield is the main obstacle to its industrial development.It is urgent to carry out high-quality seed breeding and high-yield cultivation techniques.In this paper,Armeniaca sibirica clones were used as experimental materials to study the yield components of Armeniaca sibirica in the first and full fruiting period,in order to provide theoretical basis for the breeding of high-quality seed and the development of high-yield cultivation techniques.The main results were as follows:(1)Among the 15 yield components,crown width,crown length,main branch base angle,number of clustered fruit branches,number of short fruit branches,number of leaves and leaf area were extremely significantly positively correlated(p < 0.01)with yield per plant of Armeniaca sibirica clones in first fruiting period.The trunk diameter,crown length,main branch base angle,number of clustered fruit branches,number of short fruit branches,number of leaves and leaf area were extremely significantly positively correlated(p < 0.01)with yield per plant of Armeniaca sibirica clones in full fruiting period.Crown width was significantly positively correlated(p < 0.05)with yield per plant of Armeniaca sibirica clones in full fruiting period.Stepwise regression analysis was used to screen out the dominant yield components of Armeniaca sibirica clones in first fruiting period,including crown length,main branch base angle,number of leaves and leaf area.The dominant yield components in the full fruiting stage including main branch base angle,number of clustered fruit branches,number of short fruit branches,and leaf area.(2)The dominant yield components of Armeniaca sibirica clones in the first fruiting period and the full fruiting period were divided into five grades by probability grading method.For Armeniaca sibirica clones in the first fruiting period of the test,when the grade of crown length,main branch base angle,number of leaves and leaf area were 2.30~2.59 m,42~49°,6800~8040 pieces per plant,26.36~30.75 cm2,respectively,the average yield per plant was the highest.For the Armeniaca sibirica clones in full fruiting period of the test,when the grade of main branch base angle,the number of clustered fruit branches,the number of short fruit branches,and the leaf area were 44~49°,693~950 per plant,251~354 per plant,26.3~29.5 cm2,respectively,the average yield per plant was the highest.(3)The diurnal change of net photosynthetic rate in compact shape was unimodal curve in June,and bimodal curve in July and September.Diurnal change of net photosynthetic rate in uniform and open shapes was unimodal curve in different months.In June and July,the difference in peak value of net photosynthetic rate in three canopy positions of compact shape was smaller than that of uniform and open shape,and the difference in peak value of net photosynthetic rate in different tree canopies was smaller than that in the middle and outside canopy.In July,the difference in peak value of net photosynthetic rate in the inner and middle canopy of different tree shapes were smaller than that of the outer canopy.In September,the difference in peak value of net photosynthetic rate in three positions of uniform canopy was smaller than that of compact and open canopy,and the difference in peak value of net photosynthetic rate in the middle and outside of different tree canopies was smaller than that of internal canopies.The yield in different canopy positions of three tree shapes showed as follows: external > central > internal,and the order of net photosynthetic rate in the canopy was the same.The yield of different canopy positions was correlated with net photosynthetic rate.The yield difference of three canopy positions of open canopy was smaller than that of compact canopy and uniform canopy,and that of three tree shapes outside canopy was smaller than that of inner canopy and central canopy.