| Pig is the most important meat-producing animal in China.Because its organs are similar in anatomical position and size,it is also an important experimental animal for human studies.Pigs have excellent feed conversion rates.Dietary intake may lead to obesity,while obesity is characterized by accumulation of fat.Fat is divided into visceral fat and subcutaneous fat according to different parts.The special properties of fat reflect the quality of muscle.Obesity induction in pigs and weight loss studies in obese pigs are not only beneficial to the scientific production of pigs,but also provide a reference for human health research.In present study,this experiment used healthy two-age Bama pigs were used as research subjects,and high-energy diets were used to induce obesity.Three treatment groups were set up in the experiment,13 pigs in the control group were fed with basic maintenance feed for 22 weeks,and 48 pigs in the fattening group were treated with high energy.The diet was fed for 22 weeks,and 10 pigs in the weight-loss group were fed with high-energy diet for 22 weeks and then restricted to lose weight for 12 weeks.To measure the phenotypic traits of different treated pigs,and to detect the histological changes of back skin shallow fat,back skin deep fat,abdominal subcutaneous fat,omental fat,pericardial fat,oil fat,mesenteric fat,using qPCR technology to study fat mtDNA copy number,to explore changes in fat energy metabolism.The test results are as follows:The main results are described as follows:(1)Compared with the control group,the fertilization group fed with high-energy diets had large body fatness,poor mental state,negative feeding behavior and self-cleaning,and neck circumference,chest circumference,abdominal circumference,BMI,and backfat thickness were significantly increased(P < 0.01),the body weight of the weight-loss group became smaller,the feeding behavior and self-cleaning behavior were negatively positive,and the other indicators were significantly decreased(P < 0.01).(2)Compared with the control group,the visceral adipose and the three subcutaneous adipose cells in the weight-increasing group and the weight-loss group were significantly increased(P < 0.01),and the weight-loss group was significantly reduced compared withthe weight-increasing group(P < 0.01),the volume of visceral adipose cells changed more than subcutaneous adipose.The live weight,body size,BMI and backadipose thickness of pigs were positively correlated with the volume of adipose cells.The correlation of visceral adipose cell volume was higher than that of subcutaneous adipose cells.The correlation between body length and adipose cell volume was not significant.There was a significant positive correlation between abdominal circumference,BMI and visceral adipose cell volume(r > 0.8,P < 0.01).The slaughter weight,neck circumference,chest circumference,abdominal circumference,body length,BMI and backadipose thickness of pigs were positively correlated with the volume of adipocyte,and the correlation between visceral adipocyte volume and other indexes was higher than that of subcutaneous adipocyte.The correlation between body length and adipocyte volume was lower,and the correlation between abdominal circumference,BMI and visceral adipocyte volume was the most prominent(r > 0.8,P < 0.01).(3)The visceral and subcutaneous adipose mtDNA copy number of the weight loss group were significantly lower than that of the control group and the adiposetening group(P < 0.05).In the weight loss group,the visceral adipose mtDNA copy number was significantly higher than that of the subcutaneous adipose mtDNA copy number(P < 0.05);In the adiposetening group,body traits except BMI were positively correlated with visceral adipose mtDNA copy number and negatively correlated with subcutaneous adipose.Three indexes of live weight,chest circumference and body length and visceral adipose mitochondrial copy were observed.There was a high positive correlation(r > 0.8,P < 0.01),and the neck circumference was highly negatively correlated with subcutaneous adipose mtDNA copy(r <-0.8,P < 0.01).The above results show that high-energy diets significantly increase the fat of pigs,and the metabolic capacity of visceral adipose and subcutaneous adipose is different.The measurement of abdominal circumference and BMI can predict the cell size of visceral adipose,and fasting will destroy the energy metabolism balance of the body.It is expressed as a decrease in mtDNA copy number. |
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