The Study On Ecological Function Evaluation And Regionalization Of Forest Based On 3S Technology

In order to realize the coordinated development of forestry ecological protection and non-liological resources in Northeast China,this study takes Fusong County in the northeast forest area as a typical research area,based on Arc GIS and In VEST model,using forest map data,remote sensing data,meteorological data,and topographic data to calculate and evaluate the four major ecosystem services in the study area.At the same time,the site factors,vegetation cover,river distribution and human disturbance were used as sensitivity evaluation factors to evaluate the sensitivity of the study area.On this basis,the importance of ecosystem service function and ecological sensitivity was graded.Finally,based on the superposition of ecological service function importance classification and ecological sensitivity classification results,the division of ecological functions of different grades in the study area was carried out.The specific research results are as follows:(1)The result of the evaluations of the four ecosystem service functions in the study area are as follows: The annual total water production in the study area is 1.65×108 m3.The water yield of different forest types is different.The amount of water yield increased-decreased-increased with the increase of altitude,and the average water yield decreased with the increase of coverage.The actual total soil erosion is 5.08×106 t,the actual soil erosion average is 11.73 t/ha,the total soil retention is 3.2×108 t,and the average soil retention is 517.45 t/ha.Soil conservation and soil erosion of different forest types are quite different.The soil retention increased with the increase of slope and coverage,but decreased with the increase of altitude.The habitat quality of the study area is generally good,and the average habitat quality index of the forest land is 0.878.The habitat quality increases with the increase of vegetation coverage,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of altitude and slope.The total carbon storage in the study area is 1.20×107 t,and the average carbon density in the whole area is 191.09 t/ha.The carbon storage increases with the increase of altitude and vegetation coverage,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of slope.(2)By grading the ecological sensitivity of 8 factors(altitude,slope,aspect,vegetation coverage,vegetation type,population,GDP,water buffer)in the study area can obtain the following conclusions: The altitude of the study area is quite different,and the elevation from the northwest to the southeast is gradually increasing.The ecological sensitivity of the altitude factor is generally moderately sensitive.The ecological sensitivity of slope factor is generally moderate to low sensitivity.The ecological sensitivity of the aspect factor is mainly moderate to highly sensitive.The vegetation coverage in the study area is generally high,and the ecological sensitivity is highly sensitive.The distribution of vegetation type are broad-leaved forest and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest,they cover a large area,and aremoderately sensitive.The ecological sensitivity of social factors(population and GDP)in the study area is low.The ecological sensitivity of water factor is mainly highly sensitive.(3)Based on the above comprehensive results of ecological service function classification and ecological sensitivity classification in the study area,the study area is divided into three levels: ecological level I area,ecological level II area and ecological level III area.The ecological level I area covers the smallest area,which is 848.86 km2,accounting for 16.39% of the total area of the study area.These areas have low ecological sensitivity and poor ecological service functions.It is recommended to increase the vegetation coverage rate while continuing to maintain existing agricultural and economic development,and to plant more grass,at the same time,strengthening ecological environment protection and preventing soil desertification.The area of ecological level II area is 2123.40 km2,accounting for 41.01% of the total area of the study area.The comprehensive assessment levels of ecological sensitivity and ecological service functions are bothat a medium level,so it is recommended that development and protection coexist,and ecological compensation measures should be adopted to maintain both ecological service functions and economic development.The area of ecological level III area is 2205.73 km2,accounting for 42.60% of the total area of the study area.It is mainly referring to areas with high ecological sensitivity and good service function.It is recommended that these areas continue to maintain existing ecosystem services.