Utilization Laws And Coupling Model Of Water And Fertilizer Of Protected Tomato

Efficient management of water and fertilization is very important for water-saving,fertilizer-saving and sustainable production for protected vegetables.According to the survey on application status of water and fertilization,we found that quantitative studies about demands for water and fertilizer on protected tomato is indispensable.This research established a coupling model to accomplish the precise management of water and fertilizer,and improve the yield and quality of protected tomato,The main results were shown as follows:?1?Situation analysis of water and fertilization management for protected tomato in Shanghai.After visiting the farms in main producing area of protected tomato in Shanghai,we investigated and analyzed the status of cultivation,water and fertilization management.The main problems included excessive,extensive and non-standard irrigation and fertilization.Fertigation technology could increased material cost by 59.7%,decreased labor cost by 50.0%,decreased total cost by 11.2%,increased gross profit and net profit by 10.8%and 93.5%,respectively.?2?Effects of nutrition solution concentration on growth and utilization laws for protected tomatoTaking cultivars‘Jinpengyihao',‘Zhefen202',‘Qianxi',‘Jinzhu'as materials,tomatoes were treated with different nutrition solution concentrations.The results showed:plant height,SPAD of leaves and dry weight over ground increased with the increment of nutrition liquid concentration.Yield of‘Jinpengyihao'and‘Zhefen202'reached the maximum under the treatment of standard concentration.The yield of‘Qianxi'and‘Jinzhu'were up to the maximum under the half of standard concentration.Significant differences were among varieties.The best concentration of nutrition solution suited for‘Zhefen202'is standard concentration,but for‘Jinpengyihao','Qianxi'and‘Jinzhu',the best concentration of nutrition solution is half standard concentration.With the best concentration of nutrition,Cumulative rate of N and P increased with advance in growing period.Cumulative rate of K was higher than that of N and P in fruit maturation periodand,and cumulative rate of Ca and Mg increased in the late stage of fruit maturation.Cumulative rate of nutrients were lower in growing period of seeding and fruit maturation and higher in growing period of blooming and setting and fruit maturation the late stage of fruit maturation.?3?Effects of water content on growth and utilization laws of water for protected tomatoTaking cultivars‘Jinpengyihao',‘Zhefen202',‘Qianxi',‘Jinzhu'as materials,tomatoes were treated with 4 water contents.The results showed that photosynthesis,transpiration,stomatal conductance,dry weight over ground,yield increased with the increment of water content.With the increment of water content,content of titratable acid and lycoypene decreased and sugar-acid ratio increased.Vitamin C,soluble sugar content of cherry tomato increased,and that of‘Jinpengyihao'and‘Zhefen202'was not remarkable difference among the treatments.The water productivity reached the maxim um under the treatment of higher water contents and the water consumption was 27.85 L per plant.12.21%of irrigation is for the growth of tomato seedlings and 45.03%of irrigation is for the blooming and setting stage.?4?Study on scheme of water and fertilizer based on the coupling model of water and fertilizerThis study explored effect of fertigation on use efficiency of water and fertilizer,yield and quality of tomato under different treatment of water and fertilizer,and established models by the design of quadratic orthogonal rotational combinations,using‘Jinpengyihao'as materials.The results showed that the model was significant,and fertilizer had greater effect on yield and weaker effect on quality than water.Through comprehensive analysis,the recommended management of water and fertilizer was suggested as follows:the relative watercontents in seedling period,blooming and setting period,and fruit maturity period were74⁷7%,94⁹7%,and 84⁸7%,respectively;The fertilizer was15.78¹7.05 kg/667m² of N,6.67⁷.21 kg/667m² of P₂O₅,33.11³5.78kg/667m² of K₂O,12.23¹3.21 kg/667m² of Ca,3.52³.80 kg/667m² of Mg.