| The southern region is the main producing areas of rape,but the field capacity is high,heavy soil,at the same time,the area of more rain,prone to waterlogging affected the growth of rape,thereby affecting the yield and quality of rapeseed.In crop cultivation technique,planting tillage(Ridge-tillage),by changing the surface micro topography,structure of plough layer Plains high ridge and furrow low,and planting crops on the ridge,so as to coordinate the relationship between water,fertilizer,gas and heat,promote the growth and development of crops,cultivation measures a protective effect of reducing low tillage on farmland environment.Through the ridge cultivation,lowering the water level to improve the tillage layer,rape,rape growth environment to improve,it is of positive significance for improving the yield of rapeseed.In this study,southern paddy rape production characteristics,combined with the mechanization of rape by mechanical direct seeding,ridging,low,medium and high three different fertilization conditions,planting and traditional cultivation of rape between absorption and utilization of nitrogen distribution and differences,the photosynthetic characteristics of tillage rape rape yield difference for peace,to explore the physiological mechanism of high yield and high ridge cultivation methods.The main results are as follows:1.Raised planting is one of the high nitrogen use efficiency of farming methods,compared to conventional tillage,ridge cultivation mainly through the enrichment of soil nitrogen,soil nitrate nitrogen content in ridge than traditional flat for high 3.22-4.55mg/kg,rape increased root activity,different growth stages were increased by 55.70%,62.56% and 27.81%,promote the nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen in rape stem leaves and other vegetative organs of re distribution used to increase the utilization rate of nitrogen,at three nitrogen levels were increased by 7.73%,5.31% and 4.57%;2.Photosynthetic characteristics of planting rape light compared to the traditional cultivation has obvious advantages,it can increase the leaf area and pod area of rape increased at the same time can increase the content of chlorophyll and photosynthetic organs,light and ridge cultivation rape has higher ability to capture,photochemical conversion efficiency as compared to the 1.71%-14% high ridge cultivation the traditional flat,significantly increased the rape photosynthetic organs(leaf and POD)of photosynthetic efficiency,the ridge cultivation could increase the seedling photosynthesis 5.15%-20.87%,bud period of ridge cultivation of net photosynthetic rate compared with the traditional flat for high 2.66%-14.76%,pod period increased the net photosynthetic rate of 21.37%-43.70%,promote greater accumulation of photosynthetic products.Create greater biomass and dry matter yield;3.With the obvious advantages of biological yield of ridge cultivation of rape of traditional flat,high yield planting seedling 13%-32%,the pod development period can increase the biological yield of about 10%,is conducive to the "winter rape",but also ensure the rapeseed growth period,vegetative nutrient supply,so planting have for pod grain development and filling,which not only promotes pod pod skin area increased,but also can increase the filling rate of pod.The pod itself has a "source" and "sink" of the dual role of planting by expanding the accumulation of photosynthetic products and to increase the "source",at the same time,increase the pod number and seed number of rape,rape of the "library" to increase the capacity and ability to accumulate,and as dry matter to grain only rape Channel-bead bead handle handle,the cross-sectional area of the ridge rape and funiculus in screen area have obvious advantages,the ridge cultivation increased 9.49%-16.36% and 18.23%-24.79%,which reached the rape "source" foot,"library","flow" through the source flow sink is configured properly,increase the yield of rape aim at different nitrogen levels increased by 14.61%,24.84% and 10.30%. |
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