The Inheritance Of Grape Berry Developmental Period Trait Between SSR Analysis And Association Analysis Of Berry Quality Traits By GWAS

To mapping the genes related to the berry developmental period trait and other genes related to the quality traits of grape berry,the study used the SSR markers of ‘Pearl of Csaba' to analyze the genetic transmission in the descendant derived varieties.Genome-wide association analysis of 8 grape berry quality traits was performed on 179 grape varieties based on GBS.1.SSR markers were applied to the derivative lines of ‘Pearl of Csaba'(‘Pearl of Csaba'and its descendants 32 derivatives and 5 other parents).50 SSR markers randomly distributed on 19 chromosomes of grape were selected to analyze the genetic transmission of SSR markers of ‘Pearl of Csaba' in its derived offspring.Screened obtained 3 highly genetically stable and have ‘Pearl of Csaba' specific SSR marker loci—VVMD5,VVMD32 and VMC4F8,are located on chromosome 16,4 and 1,respectively.And these 3 SSR markers can be inherited stably in the four generations of ‘Pearl of Csaba',and their genetic frequencies are all above 80%.The annotations revealed that the genes in their region were annotated with receptor protein kinase,unknown protein and WRKY transcription factor,respectively.The results showed that these genes were related to berry development traits of the ‘Pearl of Csaba' derived varieties.2.An association panel of 179 grape genotypes comprising a mixture of ancient cultivars,landraces,and modern varieties collected worldwide were genotyped with genotyping-by-sequencing using a genome-wide association approach based on 32,311 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers.(1)Genome-wide efficient mixed-model association(GEMMA)was selected as the optimal statistical model based on the results of known control loci of grape berry color traits.(2)GWAS analysis of other characters of grape fruits revealed: The grape skin color locus was found to be associated with a mybAs transcription factor on chromosome 2.Two strong and distinct association signals associated with berry development periods were found on chromosome 16.Most candidate genes of the interval were highlighted as receptor-like protein kinase.For berry weight,significant association loci were identified on chromosome 18,as previously known,and on chromosome 19 and chromosome 17,as newly mapped.Berry flesh texture was newly located on chromosome 16;candidate genes in the interval were related to calcium.Berry flavor was determined on chromosome 5.Genomic regions were further investigated to reveal candidate genes.Many of the associated SNPs identified in this study were in accordance with the previous QTL analyses using biparental mapping.In this work,we identified interesting genetic determinants of grape berry-related traits.The identification of the markers closely associated with these berry traits may be useful for grape molecular breeding.