Screening Foliar-Applied Herbicides And Investigation Weeds In Maize Field In Huludao City,Liaoning Province

The weeds of maize field were investigated in weed sample method in Huludao City,Liaoning Province.Also,foliar-applied herbicides were screened and researched the control effect of weeds and security of maize by field plot test method in the field.The herbicides were seleceted which can effectively prevent and remove weeds in maize fields and also were safety for corn.This study laid a foundation for the effective control of weeds in maize field of Huludao district.The survey of the weed species results showed that there were a total of 13 families,22 species weeds in maize field in Huludao city,including Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv.,Digitaria sanguinalis(L.)Scop.,Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv.,Eleusine indica(L.)Gaertn.,Acalypha australis L.,Xanthium sibisicum Patrin.,Cephalanoplos segetum(Bge.)Kitam.,Sonchus brachyotus DC.,Chenopodium album L.,Polygonum orientale L.,Polygonum lapathifolium L.,Abutilon theophrasti Medic.,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,Portulaca oleracea L.,Commelina communis L.,Humulus scandens(Lour.)Merr.,Equisetum arvense L.,Solanum nigrum L.,Capsella bursa-pastoris(L.)Medic.,Convolvulus arvensis L.,Calystegia sepium(L.)R.Br.,Pharbitis nil(L.)Choisy.Among them,Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv.,Digitaria sanguinalis(L.)Scop.,Acalypha australis L.,Chenopodium album L.,Amaranthus retroflexus L.and Commelina communis L.were common weeds.Annual weeds were basically controlled due to the perennial application of herbicides,and the harm of perennial weeds was on the rise such as Sonchus brachyotus DC.,Equisetum arvense L.,Convolvulus arvensis L.The nine commonly foliar-applied herbicides were selected in this study,including 15% Mesotrione SC,40g/L Nicosulfuron SC,16% Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron OD,25% Mesotrione·Atrazine OD,24% Nicosulfuron·Atrazine OD,30% Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron·Atrazine OD,45% Mesotrione·Metolachlor·Atrazine OD,45% Mesotrione·Acetochlorl·Atrazine OD,22% Fluroxypyr·Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron OD.The control weeds effect,safety and yield of corn were determined.The results were as follows: the control effects of test reagents of 15% Mesotrione SC and 25% Mesotrione·Atrazine OD were better on corn broad leaf weed than on gramineous weeds.The control effect of 40 g/L Nicosulfuron SC on gramineous weed was significantly higher than that of broad leaf weeds.30% Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron·Atrazine OD,45% Mesotrione·Metolachlor·Atrazine OD and 45% Mesotrione·Acetochlorl·Atrazine OD,suspension were effective in preventing E.crusgalli(L.)Beauv.,D.sanguinalis(L.)Scop.,S.viridis(L.)Beauv.,C.communis L..22% Fluroxypyr·Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron OD was effective in preventing Co.arvensis L..45% Mesotrione·Acetochlorl·Atrazine OD was effective in preventing Ac.australis L..30% Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron·Atrazine OD was effective in preventing Am.retroflexus L.and Ch.album L.Analysis of test results showed that the test agent 30% Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron·Atrazine OD was recommended to prevent annual weeds in maize fields,and it was the best control effect among nine herbicides,also the yield of maize was the highest after application,and which was safe for crops and the surrounding environment.The control effect of 30% Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron·Atrazine OD on the total weed number after 15 days was 87.7%-94.5%,and after 30 days,the weed number and fresh weight in maize fields were 87.9%-95.1% and 88.3%-95.1%,respectively.After 30 days of application,the control effect on the weed number and fresh weight for E.crusgalli(L.)Beauv.were respectively 89.2-96.7% and 89.9-96.5%,for D.sanguinalis(L.)Scop.were respectively 88.9%-96.8% and 88.0%-96.9%,for S.viridis(L.)Beauv were respectively 88.0%-96.8% and 88.9%-96.8%,for E.arvense L.were respectively 85.2%-90.0% and 85.4%-90.5%,for Co.communis L.were respectively 89.0%-94.4% and 89.2%-94.5%,for Ac.australis L.were respectively 84.2%-93.2% and 84.5%-93.0%,for Am.retroflexus L.were respectively 89.2%-96.6% and 89.9%-96.4%,for Ch.album L.were respectively 89.2%-96.3% and 89.9%-96.2%.The application period of the herbicide was V3 and V5 leaves of maize seedlings,about V4 leaves of gramineae weeds,and the plant height below 5 cm of broad leaf weeds.The application method was spray treatment of stem and leaf once,and the amount of application liquid per hectare was 450 kg.The results showed that the herbicides combination could widen the herbicide spectrum and achieve better control effect,and 30% Mesotrione·Nicosulfuron·Atrazine OD was recommended to prevent annual weeds in maize fields in Huludao diastrict.