Water And Fertilizer Treatments Effect On Growth And Waterlogging Of Zanthoxylum Armatum Seedlings

Zanthoxylum armatum is called as the excellent soil and water conservation ecological economic forest spieces because of its characteristics such as drought,barren resistance,developed root system and high economic value et al.And it is a traditional Chinese edible seasoning,oil,spice,medicinal materials and furniture handicraft,which is widely cultivated in southwest,southern central-south China.In recent years,the consumption of Zanthoxylum armatum in Sichuan is increasing,and its cultivation area is continuously expanding.With the global temperature variation,heavy rains and frequent waterlogging often occurred in summer.With the Zanthoxylum armatum“Hanyuan putaoqing”as test material,a pot experiment about water and fertilizer was conducted to study the growth and waterlogging tolerance?during waterlogging stress for 0 d,1 d,3 d,5 d?,meanwhile the subordinate function was applied to comprehensively evaluate the growth and waterlogging resistance.Four factors and four levels experimental design was adopted(water levels included 20%,40%,60%,80%field water capacity?FWC?;fertilizer application levels included NPK,N and K₂O fertilizer application rate in NK was 0,75,150,300 kg/hm²,respectively,and P₂O₅fertilizer application rate in P was 0,30,60,120 kg/hm².Results were shown as follows:?1?In all treatments,the height,ground diameter and biomass of the seedlings of Zanthoxylum armatum of T12 was the highest and T1 was the lowest.T1 was the highest in the root and crown ratio and T14 was the smallest.The nutrient absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer of T12,T10 and T15 was the largest and T1 was the lowest.The total average utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer under four water conditions was significantly different?P<0.05?,under the condition of 75 kg/hm² nitrogen application,the utilization rate was the maximum,and the utilization rate was the lowest under the condition of nitrogen application 300 kg/hm².The utilization rate was maximum under the condition of 30 kg/hm² for phosphorus application and the utilization rate was lowest under the condition of phosphorus application 120 kg/hm².The utilization rate was the largest under the condition of potassium application 75 kg/hm²,and the utilization ratio is 29.8%,and the potassium fertilizer application is 300 kg/hm² under the condition of 300 kg/hm².The utilization rate is mainly present as nitrogen fertilizer>potassium fertilizer>phosphorus fertilizer.?2?With the prolongation of waterlogging time,the shapes of the 16 treatments of water and fertilizer treatment with leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum were gradually changed.The changes were including turning yellow and dried up.The phenotypic changes were different.The phenotypic changes only T12 plants exhibited slight damage symptoms.After 5 days drainage,the phenotypes of T8,T9,T10,T11 and T12 were all recovered before.?3?With the prolongation of waterlogging time,the SOD activity,MDA content,leaf plasma-membrane permeability and proline content of the 16 treatments were increased,and the activity of CAT and POD,the content of soluble sugar and the content of soluble protein increased first and then decreased.From 1d to 5d during the waterlogging time,the activity of CAT,SOD and POD enzyme of T12 was always the highest,while CAT,SOD and POD enzyme activity of T1 was the lowest;the content of soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of T12 in leaves was the highest,while the content of T1 was the lowest;the proline content of T12 in leaves was the highest,while the content of T1 was the lowest;the MDA content and relative conductivity of T1 in leaves was the highest,while the content of T12was the lowest.?4?The ratio of water and fertilizer to the optimum growth condition of plant is62%FWC,38 kg/hm² of N,94 kg/hm² of P and 253 kg/hm² of K;The ratio of water and fertilizer to the optimum waterlogging tolerance of Zanthoxylum armatum seedlings is60%FWC,243 kg/hm² of N,97 kg/hm² of P and 243 kg K₂O/hm² of K.In conclusion,The appropriate soil water content and N,P,K fertilizer application is important to the nutrient absorption and can improve the waterlogging tolerance of "Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao".