Effects Of Density And Nitrogen Fertilizer Level On The Growing Characters And Yield Of Quinoa

The effects of density and nitrogen level on main growth traits and yield traits of quinoa were studied by field randomized block experiment.The results showed that the high growth rate of quinoa was double peak curve,and the highest of quinoa plant under a medium density of 100,000 plant/ha and 100 kg N/ ha of nitrogen fertilizer.Medium density of medium nitrogen fertilizer was favorable for the growth of quinoa plant.The most rapid growth of quinoa stems was from the early branch to the late branch.The growth of stem diameter decreases with increasing density and the level of high nitrogen fertilizer was higher than that of low nitrogen fertilizer.The low density and high nitrogen fertilizer levels were higher than other treatments at all times,so the low density and high nitrogen fertilizer levels were favorable for the growth of quinoa stem.For the contrast of without N fertilizer,the growth of the stalk in the late quinoa was slow.The growth rate of quinoa primary branch was unimodal and at medium density of 100,000 plants/ha and medium nitrogen fertilizer level of 100kg/ ha have the highest number of primary branches.The medium density of 100 000 plants/ha quinoa has the highest number of secondary branches.The middle density and moderate nitrogen fertilizer was helpful to increase the number of secondary branches of quinoa.With the increase of density,the fresh weight of fresh weight of single plant stem,spike and whole plant was decreased.But the fresh weight of fresh weight of single plant stem,spike and whole plant was increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level.Under the same density,increasing nitrogen fertilizer could significantly improve the average ear weight per plant of quinoa.However,under level of the same nitrogen fertilizer,increasing the density decreased the average ear weight per plant of quinoa correspondingly.The average grain weight per plant of quinoa was increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer under middle and low density.The average grain weight per plant of quinoa decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer under high density.The grain yield per spike of quinoa increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer under medium density.But the average grain weight per spike of quinoa decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer under high density.The grain rate per spike increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer under medium density and the grain rate per spike decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer under high density.The cob weight of quinoa increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer in the same density.With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer,quinoa 1000-grain weight increased under middle and high density.The yield of quinoa increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer in the medium density of 100,000 plants/ha.The yield of quinoa decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer in the high density of 150,000 plants/ha.The yield of quinoa was highest at 150 kg N/ ha in the density of 100,000 plants/ha.