Study On Spatial Pattern And Ecological Value Of Grass Resources In Mountainous Areas Of Guizhou Province

The grassland data of the whole province are obtained by"3S"technology in this paper,and the grassland data is superimposed and analyzed with the geographical environment factors such as Landform,slope,slope direction,precipitation,temperature,lithology and soil to explore the different grassland.The distribution under the influence of the environment provides a direct reference for the standardized management of grassland.At the same time,through scientific selection of ecological value evaluation indicators suitable for Guizhou situation,the scientific evaluation of grassland ecological function service value in the province was carried out,which provided reference for the preparation of grassland ecological balance sheet in the province,and the impact of various geographical environmental factors on grassland ecological value was carried out.research shows:First,the province has a total of 11526.92km~2 of grassland,accounting for 6.54%of the total land area of the province.The average map area is small,the degree of fragmentation is large,and the distribution is uneven,mainly distributed in the south,northwest and southeast of Guizhou.The grassland in the territory is dominated by shrub grass,accounting for56.54%of the total grassland area.Secondly,in terms of spatial distribution,the influence of slope direction on grassland distribution is relatively small,and the grassland area distribution on each slope is relatively uniform.The remaining geographical environment factors have a great influence on grassland distribution.Under different geographical conditions,the spatial distribution of grassland is obviously different.Thirdly,the total value of grassland ecosystem function service in the province is 359.35×10~8 yuan.The order of value of each ecosystem function service is carbon fixation and oxygen release>soil conservation>livestock product value>water conservation>purified air value>waste degradation value>nutrient recycling value>maintaining biodiversity value>grassland product value,which provides grassland products and supports animal husbandry.The direct economic value of production is only 50.30×10~8 yuan,and the indirect ecological value created by production is 309.05×10~8 yuan,accounting for 86.01%of the total service value,which is 6.14times of the direct economic value of grassland.It shows that grassland ecosystem in the whole province can not only provide certain direct economic value,but also have greater ecological maintenance value.From the point of view of grassland types,the order of ecological function service value per unit area of grassland types in the province is:mountain grassland>thermal shrub and grassland>warm shrub and grassland>Artificial Grassland.Fourthly,The order of the spatial heterogeneity of grassland ecosystem service value per unit area affected by different geographical and environmental factors is as follows:geomorphology>soil type>slope>Temperature>Precipitation>Soil Thickness>Slope>Lithology.