Effect Of Edible Fungus Polysaccharide On Rumen Methanogens In Goats And Its Mechanism

The production of CH₄ in the rumen not only causes the greenhouse effect problem to be aggravated,but also reduces the utilization rate of feed.Therefore,reducing the rumen CH₄ production of ruminants has attracted the attention of many scholars.In this paper,the effects of edible fungi polysaccharides on rumen fermentation,CH₄,enzyme activity and rumen microbes in goats were studied.The mechanism of action was discussed.The aim was to provide theoretical basis for the development of edible fungi polysaccharides as inhibitors of rumen methanogens.Experiment 1:Effect of edible fungi polysaccharide on artificial rumen fermentation.In vitro fermentation experiments were carried out by artificial rumen gas production method in vitro,and the effects of edible fungi polysaccharides on artificial rumen fermentation parameters were analyzed.The results showed that 125⁵00 mg/kg of lentinan and5 mg/kg of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide could promote artificial rumen fermentation and significantly increase GP yield（P<0.05）.Cordyceps polysaccharide,Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide and Polyporus polysaccharide were artificial.There was no significant effect on ruminal GP production（P>0.05）;5⁵00 mg/kg of lentinan,5²5mg/kg of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and 125 mg/kg of Cordyceps polysaccharide could significantly increase the pH value of artificial rumen fermentation broth（P<0.05）.The polysaccharides of Hericium erinaceus and Polyporus umbellatus had no significant effect on the pH value of artificial rumen（P>0.05）;25¹25 mg/kg of lentinan,5 mg/kg of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide,125⁵00 mg/kg of cordyceps polysaccharide,125⁵00 mg/kg of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide could significantly increase the concentration of NH₃-N in artificial rumen.The effect of Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide on the concentration of NH₃-N in artificial rumen was not significant（P>0.05）.The lentinan,Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and Cordyceps polysaccharide could be significantly improved.The concentration of TVFA,acetic acid and propionic acid in artificial rumen（P<0.05）,in which lentinan and cordyceps polysaccharide could reduce the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid,and the rumen fermentation mode shifted from acetic acid fermentation mode to propionic acid fermentation mode.The propionic acid concentration of Cordyceps polysaccharides was significantly higher than that of other added groups（P<0.05）.When the addition levels were S2,S3 and S4,the Ethylenepropylene ratio of Cordyceps polysaccharide group was significantly lower than that of other added groups（P<0.05）.Comprehensive analysis,adding 125⁵00 mg/kg of lentinan,5 mg/kg of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and 125 mg/kg Cordyceps polysaccharide can significantly improve the rumen fermentation mode.Experiment 2:Effect of edible fungi polysaccharide on the yield and enzyme activity of artificial rumen CH₄.The results showed that the activity of artificial rumen coenzyme F₄₂₀20 of 500 mg/kg of lentinan,5mg/kg of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and 125 mg/kg of cordyceps polysaccharide group was 70.2%（P<0.05）and 40.3%（P<0.05）,respectively.53.6%（P<0.05）;125 mg/kg lentinan,5 mg/kg ganodermalucidumpolysaccharide,25mg/kgofcordyceps polysaccharide group artificial rumen coenzyme M（CoM-SH）activity decreased by 37.1%compared with the control group（P<0.05）52.4%（P<0.05）,33.9%（P<0.05）;the yield of artificial rumen CH₄ in lentinan,ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and cordyceps polysaccharide group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）,of which25 mg/kg of lentinan The group decreased by 10.4%（P<0.05）,the 5mg/kg of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide group decreased by 13.6%（P<0.05）,and the 125 mg/kg of Cordyceps polysaccharide group decreased by 6.9%（P<0.05）.When the addition level was S1,the CH₄concentration of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide group was significantly lower than that of other polysaccharide groups（P<0.05）.When the addition level was S3,the CO₂ concentration of Lentinus edodes polysaccharide,Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and Cordyceps polysaccharide group was significantly lower than that of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides.Polyporus polysaccharide group（P<0.05）.Comprehensive analysis,adding lentinan,Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps polysaccharide can significantly reduce the activity of various coenzymes in artificial rumen,and reduce CH₄ yield.Experiment 3:Effect of edible fungi polysaccharide on artificial fermentation of rumen microbial flora.Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the effects of different levels of Lentinus edodes,Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps on rumen microbes in goats.The results showed that lentinan,ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and cordyceps polysaccharide could significantly increase the relative amount of total rumen bacteria（P<0.05）;125 mg/kg of lentinan,5 mg/kg of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and 5²5 mg/kg of cordyceps polysaccharide experimental group The relative amount of artificial rumen protozoa was significantly lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）;the relative amount of artificial rumen fungi in the experimental group of 125⁵00 of mg/kg lentinan and 125 of mg/kg cordyceps polysaccharide was significantly higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）.The relative amount of artificial rumen methanogens in the experimental group of 25¹25 of mg/kg lentinan,5mg/kg of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and 125 mg/kg of cordyceps polysaccharide was significantly lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）.When the addition level was S1,the relative amount of methanogens in Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide group was significantly lower than that in other polysaccharide groups（P<0.05）.When the addition level was S3,the relative amount of methanogens in Lentinus edodes group was significantly lower than that in other polysaccharide groups（P<0.05）.Comprehensive analysis,adding lentinan,Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps polysaccharide can increase the relative amount of total rumen bacteria and reduce the relative amount of protozoa and methanogens.