Study On Suitability Evaluation Of Ecological Geological Environment Of Tea Planting Based On RS And GIS

Guizhou is a large province of tea industry in the country.It has a large scale and a long history.It is the birthplace of typical ancient tea areas.Guizhou karst development,mountainous terrain is complex,landscape is broken,the environment is fragile,and the ecological geological environment is geographically different.Previous studies on the suitability of tea planting have been carried out.However,RS and GIS technologies have not yet been used in the guidance of agricultural geology.The suitability evaluation of tea planting was carried out,and the landscape ecological risk assessment was not linked with tea planting for related research.When the predecessors carried out the agricultural geological survey,it was difficult to determine the background of the crop planting,the planting area,and the suitability of the large-scale planting area,which made the optimization of the agricultural industrial structure adjustment process blind.The geological background of tea planting in Meitan County,the largest county in Guizhou,has been ambiguous and there is no comprehensive overall understanding.According to this,the research is different in remote sensing,geographic information system,agricultural geology,environmental geology and geo-ecology.Under the intersection and support of disciplines and professional directions,the evaluation of the eco-geological environment and landscape ecological risk of tea cultivation in Meitan is carried out,aiming at fully utilizing the excellent ecological geological environment resources,avoiding the risk of human pollution and landscape destruction,and industrializing tea cultivation.Provide scientific guidance for adjustment and efficient development.Based on the actual situation of the tea industry in Meitan,this study selected 14eco-geological environment assessment factors based on remote sensing,meteorology,topography and soil data,and constructed a tea planting suitability evaluation system and model based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index based on analytic hierarchy.In the years of 2007,2007 and 2017,the data sources of different remote sensing data were selected,and the representative landscape pattern index was selected to establish the landscape ecological risk assessment index model.The study carried out the eco-geological environment suitability and landscape of tea planting from multiple time and space,multi-dimensional and multi-angle.The main ecological research results of the pattern ecological risk assessment are as follows.(1)Based on the multi-source remote sensing data in the study area,the method of combining computer automatic extraction and manual interpretation is used to extract the planting information of tea in the lake.The field verification accuracy is 89%,and the tea planting distribution map in Meitan County is obtained.The classification method interprets the spatial and temporal distribution maps of the three types of landscape types,and the verification accuracy is above 84%.In addition,a series of thematic maps such as topography,climate,soil and geological background are obtained.(2)Based on the theory of agricultural geology,a total of 45 samples of rock,soil and tea under different lithological backgrounds in the typical tea garden of Mintan were taken through field investigation.The physical and chemical properties of the samples were tested and statistically analyzed.The results show that the geological background of tea planting suitability is:clastic rock>clastic rock and carbonate interbed>limestone and dolomite interbed>pure limestone or pure dolomite.(3)Based on GIS overlay analysis of tea planting area and rock group background map,the overall situation of tea planting geological background which has been ambiguous in the past has been comprehensively and systematically obtained.Based on the research results of suitable geological background of tea planting,the geological background of tea is proposed.Suitability zoning.In particular,through GIS spatial analysis,it is known that there are still high-quality geological backgrounds of clastic rocks of 58684.92hm~2,which can be used to grow tea.According to this,based on the high-quality geological background,the tea planting structure can be quantitatively adjusted based on the existing tea planting.Based on RS and GIS regional agricultural geological background investigation methods,it provides new technical methods for agricultural geological background investigation and zoning.(4)The results of four conditions evaluation of weighted superimposed topography,climate,soil and geological background,the height,moderate,reluctance and unsuitable area of tea planting ecological geological environment in Meitan County were32473.42hm~2,138412.69hm~2,15012.35hm~2,659.68hm~2,accounting for 17.41%,74.19%,8.05%,and 0.35%of the total area,respectively.The evaluation shows that most of the areas in Meitan County are suitable for tea planting,and the local area has natural ecological and geographical advantages.The evaluation provided a scientific basis for the adjustment and development of the local tea planting industry.The results of the eco-geological environment suitability zoning of tea planting were superimposed with the existing tea planting areas.The two were basically consistent,which proved the rationality of the evaluation results.(5)The spatial ecological pattern of landscape ecological risk in Meitan County was shown by the results of landscape ecological risk assessment in 1998,2007 and 2017.The landscape ecological risk and the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of tea planting indicate that the large-scale cultivation of tea can change the landscape pattern index such as the fragmentation degree,separation degree and loss degree of the landscape,and enhance the stability of the ecological structure,which can be reduced to some extent.The landscape ecological risk of the local area;in turn,the high landscape ecological risk area warns the ecological geological environment of tea planting from the perspective of human disturbance damage.This paper explores the relationship between tea planting and landscape ecological risk for the first time,and provides new ideas for multi-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary cross-application.