The Study On Landscape Ecological Forest Structure And Landscape Quality Evaluation In Mountainous Region Of Northern Hebei

Landscape ecological forest as one kind of important scenic forest resources, which ison the basis of maintaining the ecological stability, meanwhile it also give full play to theimportant landscape function. By taking the Mountainous Region of Northern HebeiMulan paddock wudaogou Natural Scenic Area as the research object. This paper from thecommunity structure and landscape quality of landscape ecological forest to research forestlandscape resources and its aesthetic quality. Combining the theories such as forestcommunity ecology, Forest Ecology, Landscape aesthetics, Psychophysical methods andlandscape evaluation etc, investigation and analysis of the study area landscape ecologicalfores（tBetula platyphylla、Pinus tabulaeformis、Larix principis-rupprechtii）. And the threesubjects relationship between community structure, landscape elements and landscape SBEwere analyzed, in the end, this paper supplied a few of quantity guide line primarily forlandscape forest building, which be aimed at providing theoretical and practical basis forthe northern Hebei mountain landscape ecological forest operation and management andtourism development. Draw the following conclusions:(1) Study on community structure and the relationship with the landscape effects, onthe species diversity, Birch and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest Margalet index, Pielouindex and Shannon-Weiner index values were the highest, followed by Larixprincipis-rupprechtii forest, Pinus tabulaeformis forest is the minimum. Diversity value ofBirch and Larix principis-rupprechtii mixed forest was too high, the appearance of theplant communities would be very messy. Diversity value of Pinus tabulaeformis forest wastoo low to make the plant community too monotonous. Larix principis-rupprechtii forestDiversity values were suitable, landscape effect was good. On the horizontal structure, theproportion of large diameter class trees in Pinus tabulaeformis forest was large, landscapeeffect was worse, the proportion of large diameter class trees of other landscape forestswere large, landscape effect were good. Larix principis-rupprechtii forest coveragebetween0.1to0.5, community structure was reasonable, landscape effect was good, otherlandscape forest coverage above0.5, plant community were slightly messy. On the verticalstructure, the proportion of height large diameter class tree was large, which wiould affectthe landscape effect, tree, shrub and grass layer height in Larix principis-rupprechtii forest was appropriate, community level was clarity, landscape effect was good. On thequarter-phase structure, Pinus tabulaeformis forest trees were evergreen, single color, otherforest have obvious seasonal change. Each landscape forest shrub and herbage layersseasonal color scenery was mainly in summer, the number of colors in Larixprincipis-rupprechtii forest was appropriate, landscape effect was good.(2) choose the slide evaluation methods, conducted a questionnaire survey, usingPsychophysical method to quantitatively analyze the landscape quality for landscapeecological forest, and obtain the standardized scores of plot landscape’s. Analysis the SBEvalue of landscape forest and different seasons, the results showed that the order of theSBE value of summer landscape is:Larix principis-rupprechtii forest＞Pinus tabulaeformisforest＞Birch forest＞Birch and Larix principis-rupprechtii mixed forest. The SBE valueof autumn and winter, Larix principis-rupprechtii forest＞Birch and Larixprincipis-rupprechtii mixed forest＞Birch forest＞Pine tabulaeformis forest, it resultsshowed that the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest scenic beauty value is the highest, Pinustabulaeformis forest scenic beauty was lower. In addition, decomposed of landscapeelements, identified the14landscape elements, each one by one to be quantified. From thelandscape forest, summer, autumn and winter of four angles, and Respectively with thelandscape score to established the regression model. Screened out elements which mainlyaffect the landscape’s beauty value.(3) Using SPSS curve fitting to analysis the screened landscape elements, and studythe various elements impact on the landscape beauty. The results showed that the straighttrunk, smaller stand density, high plaque resolution, rich tonal variation, high branch, longperspective distance, less litter, plaque rich colors, trunk legible, the greater the averagediameter of stand, the landscape beauty will be better.(4) Since summer, autumn and winter into the elements of the regression model wasrelatively less. In this paper, using SPSS software to make landscape elements withlandscape SBE value in correlation analysis. The results showed that: the summerlandscape elements trunk form, under branch height, average tree height, average DBH,plaque color and stand density with landscape SBE value were significantly correlated; theautumn landscape elements dead wood and fallen trees, trunk form, horizontal visibilityand litter with the landscape SBE value were significantly correlated; the winter landscapeelements shrub and grass unified degree, average tree height and stand density weresignificantly correlation with landscape SBE value.(5) The results of correlation analysis between Community structure elements andlandscape elements indicated that various landscapes elements all had the correspondingstructure elements with it relative, presented many to one or one to one relevance.Comprehensive community structure, landscape elements and landscape effect relationship,in the condition of this paper, the comparison with the standard values of different types of landscape ecological forest indicated that the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest had the bestlandscape quality. As a reference, this paper got the quantitative guide line on relevancy ofcommunity structure and landscape quality.