Preliminary Study On Improving Soil Fertility Of Mulberry Orchard In Karst By Fertilizer Utilization Of Mulberry Branch

Mulberry is one of the agricultural waste resources with high lignin content.At present,its fertilizer utilization method is directly returned to the field,but due to its high lignin content and high carbon to nitrogen ratio,its degradation is slow,and the mulberry fertility supplement effect Not obvious.Mulberry is a perennial leaf plant.At present,due to unreasonable fertilization,the soil fertility of the karst mulberry garden is declining and the environment is deteriorating,which leads to the reduction of mulberry leaves.This study set up the mulberry compost test(5 treatments: PM,PMD,PMS,SM and CK)and its fermented fertilizer applied to mulberry garden Field fertilization test(5 treatments: PM,PMD,SM,NPK and CK),the former explores the main microflora of mulberry degradation,The latter explore ramulus mori fertilizer used to enhance the feasibility of mulberry field soil fertility(from soil nutrient availability,mulberry leaf yield and nutrient loss).This study has great theoretical and practical significance for effectively improving soil fertility in karst mulberry fields.The main research results are as follows:(1)The composting volume of mulberry straw compost(except CK treatment)was significantly reduced;the foul odor at the beginning of composting was reduced to the late odor,and the mulberry straw had obvious loose pores.The appearance and C/N index reached the maturity standard.Although there are differences in microbial flora at the end of different compost treatments,the main dominant genus of bacteria is: PM treatment of bacillus,corynebacterium;PMD treatment of bacterium,bacillus;PMS treatment of sarcocystis;SM treatment of pseudomonas,haemophilus;Fungi main advantage genus:PM treatment of sphagnum genus,branches Spores,stems,mulberry,sorghum,PMD treatment,Solicoccozyma,genus Ascomy,PMS treatment of pseudomycin-like fungi,trichoderma,SM manure fusarium,crack Pleurotus,but the common advantages of the treatment related to the degradation of mulberry branches are thick-walled bacteria(accounting for 7.57%~84.95%),Proteobacteria(2.02%~30.48%),actinomycetes(2.03%~24.43%),the advantage belongs toPseudomonas and Arthrobacter.At the same time,the nutrient test showed that the mulberry sheep manure mixed composting effect was better.(2)The application of organic fertilizer can effectively improve the quick-acting nutrients in mulberry fields,and the fertilization effect of SM fertilizer is the best.Fertilization treatment can change the soil microbial species and quantity,and improve the soil microbial community structure.The specific performance is that the soil dominant species in the genus before the fertilization(BCK)is mainly Clostridium and Geobacterium,and the slow-growing Rhizobium in the blank soil after fertilization(ACK)high temperature actinomycetes,PM treatment with Flavobacterium,Pseudomonas,PMD treatment with Rhodobacter,Micropepsis,SM treatment of anaerobic bacteria,NPK treatment of the genus Widfly and Acidibacter;the dominant species of fungi in the genus level before the fertilization(BCK)were mainly Gibellulopsis and Cladospora.After fertilization(ACK)the control soil mainly consisted of Phaeosphaeriopsis and Mortierellomycota;PM treatment The fertilization treatment of Saitozyma,Hannaella,Botrytis and PMD includes Microdiplodia and Boothiomyces,SM includes Pseudorobillarda and Septoriella,and NPK treatment with Lecanicillium and Cyphellophora.In terms of microbial diversity index,the fertilization treatment was lower than the blank treatment compared with the blank control treatment.Secondly,through the CCA analysis,it is found that the available phosphorus is the main environmental factor affecting the soil microbial community structure.(3)Compared with single application of chemical fertilizer,the yield of mulberry leaf mulberry leaves treated with mulberry compost was-4.12%,-5.48% and 0.47%,respectively,indicating that the short-term application of mulberry organic fertilizer had no effect on the yield of mulberry leaves.However,the application of organic fertilizer can significantly improve mulberry leaf nutrients,comprehensive yield and mulberry leaf nutrient,SM treatment effect is better.The application of organic fertilizer treatment can reduce the amount of leaching water in karst mulberry gardens,but there is no significant correlation between the amount of leaching water nutrient loss in mulberry field and short-term fertilization treatment.Different fertilization treatments had little effect on the total surface runoff water in mulberry fields,but the loss of soil runoff water nutrients in mulberry fields was related to short-term fertilization treatment.In short,short-term application of organic fertilizer can effectively reduce the loss of nitrogen in karst mulberry,but it will increase the loss ofphosphorus and potassium.This study preliminarily confirmed that it is feasible to use mulberry branc hes and fertilized manure for rational composting and to improve soil fertility in mulberry fields.However,the microbial florescence for rapid degradation of mulberry lignin and the long-term fertilization after mulberry fertilizer applicat ion require further study.