Effect Of Probiotic Fermented Feed On Serum Biochemical Parameters And Milk Performance Of Dairy Goats

The dairy goat industry is a basic industry for rural revitalization,and it is also a sunrise industry for farmers to increase their income in the short term.At the same time,it is planned to cultivate the entire industrial chain of 100 billion dairy goats in Shaanxi Province and vigorously promote the rapid development of the dairy goat industry.The development of the dairy goat industry is inseparable from adequate feed supply.Although antibiotic feed additives played an important role in animal husbandry,the negative effects brought about by them have become increasingly prominent.Therefore,it is urgent to develop green and environmentally friendly feed which can effectively replace antibiotics in function.Probiotic fermented feed is one of the best substitutes for antibiotics,which has the characteristics of improving feed quality,improving feed utilization and production performance of livestock and poultry.At present,there are few reports on the application of probiotic fermented feed in dairy goat production.Therefore,this study used the fermented concentrate supplement to feed dairy goats.Sixty healthy Guanzhong dairy goats weighing 48±2.12 kg,lambing 2~3 births,milk yield 1.46±0.15 kg/d and lactation period 90~150 days were selected in this study.The dairy goats were randomly divided into 2 groups,3 replicates in each group,10 replicates each,feeding in separate columns,the control group was fed with unfermented concentrate supplement,and the experimental group was fed with fermented concentrate supplement.The experimental period was 60 days,the preliminary period was 10 days,and the normal feeding period was 50 days.The effects of probiotic fermentation on the nutritional quality of feed and the effects of probiotic fermentation feed on serum biochemical indexes and milk performance of dairy goats were studied by measuring the routine nutritional indexes,feed cellulase activity,serum biochemical indexes,milk yield,milk composition and fatty acid content of goat milk.It provides a research basis for the application of probiotic fermented feed in dairy goat production.The study obtained the following main results:1.After probiotic fermentation,the crude protein,calcium and phosphorus contents in feed were significantly increased,with 19.95%,1.35% and 0.39% respectively(P < 0.05).The content of crude fiber and crude fat in fermented feed was significantly lower than that before fermentation,and decreased by 7.17% and 9.03% respectively(P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in crude ash content before and after feed fermentation(P > 0.05);The cellulase activity in fermented feed was significantly higher than that before fermentation,from 122 U/g to 170 U/g(P < 0.05).2.The blood samples of dairy goats were collected on the 50 th day of the end of the treatment.The results of the samples showed that the serum glucose content of the treatment goats was 15.87% higher than the control group((P < 0.05).Serum urea nitrogen was 13.52% lower than the control group((P < 0.05).Serum total protein,albumin and globulin content of the treatment group were 1.41%,5.51% and 2.87%,which were not significantly different(P > 0.05).Serum cholesterol,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in the treatment group were lower than the control group,and decreased by 5.98%,6.0%,1.99%,1.51%,with no significant difference(P > 0.05).3.Compared with the control group,the milk yield of the dairy goats on the 1st to 10 th day didn't significantly two groups(P > 0.05).The milk production of the treatment milk production increased by 5.80% from the 11 th to 20 th day,but the difference was not significant(P > 0.05).At the same time,the milk yield of the treatment goats was significantly higher than that of the control group at 21 to 30 days,31 to 40 days,and 41 to 50 days,and increased by 7.96%,8.10%,9.00%(P < 0.05).During the whole experimental period(1~50 d),the milk yield of the dairy goats in the treatment group was significantly increased by 6.98% compared with the control group(P < 0.05).In addition,the milk protein,milk fat,lactose and non-fat solids contents in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and increased by 11.07%,5.21%,5.56% and 5.94% respectively(P < 0.05).4.The content of oleic acid(C18: 1)in goat milk was significantly increased by 4.46%(P < 0.05),while the content of octanoic acid(C8: 0)and palmitic acid(C16: 0)were significantly lower by 6.52% and 4.57% respectively(P < 0.05).In addition,the unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid(C18: 2),linolenic acid(C18: 3n-3)and linolenic acid(C18: 3n-6)in the goat milk of the treatment group was 2.91%,0.62% and 0.13% higher than the control group,but the difference was not significant(P > 0.05).In summary,probiotic fermentation can effectively improve the nutritional quality of feed.And feeding dairy goats with probiotic fermentation feed is not only beneficial to the health of dairy goats,but also can effectively improve the milk yield and milk quality of dairy goats.