Study On The Technology Of Reducing Herbicide In Maize Field

As the use of herbicides in maize fields increases year by year,the series of effects of chemical agents on the environment,humans and animals have received increasing attention.In order to reduce the amount of herbicide used in maize field,this study has used indoor potting method and field experiment to explore maize field herbicide reduction technology by mixing herbicides with different pre-emergence mixing herbicides with spray aids and new high-efficiency herbicides.Below are key research findings:1.The inhibitory effects of isofluxone 57.6 g a.i./hm~2+atrazin 600 g a.i./hm~2,s-metolachlor 1152 g a.i./hm~2+atrazin 450 g a.i./hm~2+2,4-D isooctyl ester 262.5 g a.i./hm~2,s-metolachlor 1152 g a.i./hm~2+atrazine 750 g a.i./hm~2,isoxaflutole 57.6 g a.i./hm~2+atrazine 450 g a.i./hm~2,chlorpyrifos 525 g a.i./hm~2+s-metolachlor 1152 g a.i./hm~2 and acetaminophen 2100 g a.i./hm~2 6 kinds of pre-emergence herbicides on crabgrass,valerian,ramie and amaranth were determined by greenhouse pot experiments.The results showed that the inhibition rate of both the A.retroflexus and the D.sanguinalis was 100.00%,the inhibition on the E.crusgalli was 72.00%~100.00%;the isoxaflutole57.6 g a.i./hm~2+atrazin 600 g a.i./hm~2 treatment has the best inhibition on A.theophrasti,and the efficacy is 93.53%.In the field trials of six corn producing areas including Tonghua,Tongliao,Tieling,Heihe,Yinchuan and Changzhi,isoxaflutole 57.6 g a.i./hm~2+atrazine 600 g a.i./hm~2 and chlorpyrifos 525 g a.i./hm~2+s-metolachlor 1152 g a.i./hm~2 had outstanding effects.The efficacy of isoxaflutole 57.6 g a.i./hm~2+atrazine 600 g a.i./hm~2 on weed at 14 d after treament was 69.7%~91.18%,at 28 d after treament,the number of plants and fresh weight control were 85.44%~89.00%and 88.52%~90.71%,respectively;The control effect of 525 g a.i./hm~2+s-methotrexate 1152 g a.i./hm~2 treatment on weed at 14 d after treament was 44.44%~96.57%,at 28 days after treament,the number of plants and fresh weight control were 60.0%~95.65%and 60.05%~95.72%,respectively.2.The inhibitory effects of oxaconazole and maize field conventional post-emergence herbicides on weed at the recommended doses were compared by laboratory and field trials.The results showed that the amount of oxazolone was less and it had a good efficacy on weed in maize field,among which oxazolone 27 g a.i./hm~2+atrazine 675 g a.i./hm~2+special the adjuvant treatment of 1350 mL/hm~2 had the best effect on weed control.At 14 d and 28 d after treament,the number of plants and fresh weight control were between 83.15%and 100%.30%oxaconazole 27 g a.i./hm~2+special adjuvant 1350 mL/hm~2 treatment at 14 d and 28 d after treament,the number of plants and fresh weight control were between 36.40%and 94.72%.3.In the field of Baoding,Jining and Suzhou,the synergistic effect of different herbicides mixed with rosin additives and coconut oil additives was tested in the field.The results showed that rosin and coconut oil additives mixed with different herbicides can increase the efficacy of herbicides on weed.Among them,coconut oil additives can increase the efficiency of different herbicides by 3.89%~23.34%;rosin additives can increase the efficiency of different herbicides by 2.30%~13.02%.4.The synergistic mechanism of the additives was investigated by measuring the effects of rosin and coconut oil additives on the wetting time,penetration time,drying time,surface tension and contact angle of mesotrione and nicosulfuron.The results showed that the wetting time of mesotrione with rosin and coconut oil was reduced by 50s and 60 s,the permeation time was reduced by 55 s and 62 s,respectively,and the transpiration time was extended by 13 s and 22 s,respectively.The surface tension was reduced by 1.80 mN/m and 4.96 mN/m,and the contact angle was reduced by 4.03°and4.46°.After the addition of rosin and coconut oil additives,the wetting time was reduced by 139 s and 152 s,the permeation time was reduced by 127 s and 132 s,respectively,and the transpiration time was extended by 23 s and 3 s,respectively.The contact angle was reduced by 1.97 mN/m and 3.10 mN/m,and the contact angle was reduced by 1.79°and 4.57°.