| Kiwifruit belongs to the genus Actinidia genus Kiwifruit in the botanical classification.It is a wild vine-like deciduous fruit tree whose origin is in China.After more than a decade of development,Shaanxi Province is currently the largest kiwifruit production area in the country.The cultivation management of kiwifruit and the prevention and control of pests and diseases have been the hotspots discussed in recent years.Kiwifruit is a dioecious fruit tree that must be rigorously planted with pollination trees or artificially pollinated to be firm.After investigation,Zhouzhi people from Meixian County,the main producing county of Shaanxi Province,used artificial pollination to ensure the production of kiwifruit in the same year.In recent years,due to the limited number of kiwifruit male plants,the price of commercial pollen has remained high,and the cost of planting farmers has also increased.On the other hand,the existing varieties of pollination trees are sparse,the quality is uneven,and the flowering period of female plants does not meet.It is also one of the reasons why growers choose a large number of commercial pollen.Therefore,the selection of pollinated tree varieties is imminent.The breeding work of this experiment was carried out at the Kiwifruit Experimental Station of Northwest A&F University in Meixian County.The breeding was carried out by Xu Guan,Xiongjie No.1,Guihai No.4,Mengdi,Miliang No.1,Jiangyuan No.1,Guangxi Red Meat,Jinfeng,Chang'an and other varieties of hybrid progeny are breeding materials,with the existing varieties Xu Xiang,Mute,Qin Mei,Hongyang,Hayward.Jinlong 2 corresponding male plants for Test materials were tested.A total of 5,000 male plants were tested.After the first screening,20 male plants were initially screened as the main screening targets.This experiment mainly investigated the germination rate of male plants,the number of inflorescences,the number of flowers,the pollen rate of male flowers and pollen,the pollen viability,the flowering period,and the fruit setting rate after Xuxiang as the female parent,the intrinsic quality of the fruit and the outside.Work on the measurement of quality.The two categories of Chinese and delicious are divided into two categories to discuss their traits.The conclusions of this experiment are as follows:(1)The highest germination rate of Chinese kiwifruit was in the control group of Jinlong 2,No.96,and the germination rate of Hongyang and 234,235 trees was not very optimistic.(2)The statistical values of the Chinese kiwifruit inflorescence and the flower treewere similar.The inflorescence number of the 234 and 235 trees and the flower tree in the first two were superior to the Jinlong 2 and Hongyang of the control group.It is indicated that the flower amount of 234 tree and 235 tree is much larger than that of the control group.The statistics of the 204 tree are second only to the 234 tree and the 235 tree.(3)The highest viability of Chinese kiwifruit pollen is 204 tree,which reached85.25%,and its flour extraction rate is also as high as 0.91%,which is much higher than Jinlong 2 and Hongyang.The highest fruit setting rate is 235 tree.The fruit setting rate is as high as 77.61%.In turn,it is the 204 tree and the 234 tree.(4)The external quality of Chinese kiwifruit fruit: According to the comprehensive single fruit weight and fruit shape index,the fruit obtained from the 234 male plants was the best in appearance quality,which was significantly better than Hongyang and Jinlong No.2.Intrinsic quality of the fruit: The fruit produced by pollination with No.234 tree was low in hardness and matured in other fruits,and the soluble solid content of No.234 tree was higher than that of the control group.It has an advantage in increasing the soluble solid content of the fruit.(5)The germination rate of male plants No.159,No.42,No.106,No.45,No.83,No.15,No.38,No.39,No.84 and No.103 is higher than that of DuPont,Xu Xiang,Hay ward and The germination rate of male plants such as Qin Mei and other main varieti-es.(6)The flowering number and inflorescence number of male plants No.233,No.61,No.216,No.25,No.103,No.106 and No.42 were higher than those of Hayward and Xuxiang,and the amount of flowers was large.(7)The viability of pollen of male plants No.83,No.15,No.34 and No.106 is highe r than that of male plants such as Hayward and Xuxiang.The powder yields of male plants of No.38,No.39,No.45,No.216,Hayward,Qinmei and Xuxiang were all higher than 1%.The pollination rate of male plants No.38,No.39,No.45 and No.216 was higher than that of Hayward male plants.The control powder of Xuxiang was the highest in the control group,reaching 1.6%.(8)The fruit setting rate of the male plants of No.45,No.61,No.83,No.84,No.103 and No.159 was higher than that of Xu Xiang and Qin Mei.(9)The fruit shape index is between 1.16 and 1.29,and the fruit shape index of No.106,No.159 and No.37 is higher than Hayward.According to the comprehensive frui t shape index and single fruit weight,the fruit quality of the male plants No.84 andNo.159 was the best,which was better than that of Xu Xiang,Hayward.and Qin Mei.According to the comprehensive results,the pollen viability and flower volume of83,106 were higher than that of the control group.The rate of flour extraction of tree-s 38,39,and 45 was higher than that of other members of the control group except X u Xiang.The fruit setting rate of 83,84,and 45 was much better than that of the contr ol group Xu Xiang,Hayward,and Dumb.According to the fruit shape index and sing le fruit weight,the quality of the fruit obtained from pollination of male plants No.84 and No.159 was the best,which was obviously better than that of male plants such as Xuxiang,Hayward and Qinmei.Combined with factors such as flowering encounters.You can choose 38,83,45,and the tree as the pollination tree of Xuxiang.The 106 tree flowering period is relatively late,and it can be used as a special pollination tree of Hayward. |
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