| Oryza sativa L.,as an important food crop in our country and the world as a whole,is the main source of food crops for the survival of the majority of the world "s population.As of 2018,China has become the world's largest Oryza sativa L.production country,accounting for one-third of the world" s total output,production of up to 212.13 million tons.However,in contrast to the booming Oryza sativa L.industry,the existence of Oryza sativa L.epidemic damage has a great impact on the Oryza sativa L.industry,in which Oryza sativa L.stem rot mycosis is more common and has a higher hazard level,which restricts the sustainable development of Oryza sativa L.industry chain to a certain extent.Therefore,in order to effectively control the occurrence and spread of Oryza sativa L.stem rot mycosis,under the special funding of key science and technology projects(20170204008NY)in Jilin Province,this study studied the mechanism of Oryza sativa L.stem rot mycosis and the key technologies of green prevention and control.This paper analyzes the mechanism of Oryza sativa L.stem rot mycosis in the Soda Saline-Alkali Land of the western part of of Jilin Province,selects the high resistance varieties and optimizes the planting density reasonably,analyses the correlation between the disease of stem rot mycosis and the thousand kernel weight and chalk rate of Oryza sativa L.,and the effect of silicone fertilizer and raw resistance reagent on the prevention and treatment of stem rot mycosis,and The pathogenic groups of the strains were divided.The test results are as follows:(1)In this experiment,102 Oryza sativa L.varieties commonly used in field production and planting were tested for resistance in greenhouse,non-saline areas,moderate saline areas and severe saline areas.The results showed that 1 high resistance cultivars were screened: ‘Jijing 107' and 19 disease resistant varieties.(2)Screening and optimizing the field management mode is beneficial to control the reasonable planting density of rice stem rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease: 30 cm × 13.3 cm and 30 cm ×16.7 cm;water supply mode conducive to control the development of disease: regular drainage and regular irrigation.(3)Selecting 5 Oryza sativa L.varieties of " Tongke 37 "," Jinongda 521 "," Guangdao 1th "," Songjing 18 " and " Longyamg 17 ",and carring out field district experiments at the Daan alkaline land ecological test station of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.After the onset of stem rot mycosis and Oryza sativa L.maturation,the field five sampling,0~9 grading standard,electronic balance weighing and Oryza sativa L.appearance quality detector,as well as the disease index calculation formula,Excel 2010 and DPS V7.05 software were used for data acquisition and processing and statistical analysis,so as to analyze the relationship between disease Index and Oryza sativa L.1000-grain weight and percentage of grains with chalkiness.The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the 1000-grain weight and disease grade of stem rot mycosis of " jinongda 521 "," Guangdao 1th " and the " longyang 17 ".There was a significant positive correlation between the percentage of grains with chalkiness and disease grade of stem rot mycosis of " Tongke 37 "," Jinongda 521 "," Songjing 18 " and " Longyamg 17 "(4)Selecting Oryza sativa L.varieties baijing 1,Yidi silicon,solid active water-soluble silicon,wood mold agent,Bacillus subtilis and heterotrophic urea to carry out field community test in Fengchan village,Taobei City,Jilin Province.After the onset of stem rot mycosis,the single agent was administered separately in proportion.The investigation and analysis of the treatment of Disease index,thousand kernel weight,chalk rate,inversion rate and input cost of each group were carried out.The results showed that the anti-efficiency of Yidi silicon + Bacillus subtilis + heterotrophic urea,Yidi silicon + Bacillus subtilis and active water-soluble silicon could reach more than 73%,and was significantly higher than that of blank control.Yidi silicon + Bacillus subtilis + heterotrophic urea,Yidi silicon + wood mold,Yidi silicon and active water-soluble silicon can increase thousand kernel weight to more than 24.7g,which was significantly higher than the blank control;Yidi silicon + Bacillus subtilis,active water-soluble silicon + Bacillus subtilis,Yidi silicon silicon and active water-soluble silicon can reduce the chalk rate to less than 3.6%,significantly lower than the control group.(5)By changing different pH values and different soil conditions,simulating the environment of saline-alkali soil,the growth of mycelium of sclerotium sclerotium was found to be more suitable for survival and development under alkaline conditions,and verified Jilin.Mechanism of rice rot fungus nucleus disease in the Soda Saline-Alkali Land of western China.(6)After the bacterial nucleus separation and tissue separation of 153 samples of Oryza sativa L.stem rot mycosis collected in different regions,54 strains of fungus nuclei were obtained,the distribution of mycelium was analyzed and the pathogenicity was measured,and 4 kinds of pathogenic groups were divided into pathogenic groups of strains,and it was found that the pathogenic bacteria of saline areas Oryza sativa L.stem rot mycosis were higher than non-saline areas. |
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