| China is a large agricultural producing country,and the development of agricultural economy has an important impact on the development of China’s national economy.Rice is one of the major food crops in China and occupies an important position in agricultural production.In view of the current situation of excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers,vigorously developing and promoting green pest control technologies for rice pests and diseases is of great significance to ensure food and environmental safety.This thesis focuses on the history and current situation of the main pests and diseases in rice cultivation in Jiangjin,Chongqing,and the green prevention and control technologies and applications,and the following results were obtained.(1)The occurrence dynamics of rice blight,rice stem borer and rice fly in Jiangjin District in the past five years were monitored.The monitoring results showed that the occurrence of stripe blight in the field before June has continued at a low level,from early June,the field gradually showed the disease,including 2016,2019 and 2020 occurred lighter,2017,2018 occurred heavier;stem borer damage began to appear in the field in early May,by mid-June field stem borer damage reached the first peak,the second peak in late July.In 2016 and 2017,the damage was more serious,and in 2018,2019 and 2020,the damage was light;the occurrence of rice lice in our region is light,in accordance with the Sichuan region rice lice control standards>800 head/hundred from the beginning of the control,the perennial occurrence of our region are basically below the control standards.(2)Effect of variation of rice farming system on the dynamics of stem borer in Jiangjin district.The analysis of historical data made it clear that rice cultivation patterns were closely related to the degree of stem borer infestation and the dominant species;a linear fit showed that the temperature in March was significantly negatively correlated with the peak of stem borer occurrence.(3)We evaluated the effectiveness of the combination of Ningbo Newcomb borer sex attractant and Bayer’s new "yield-enhancing" chemical on pests and diseases;we established a "double reduction" efficiency demonstration district of pesticide and chemical fertilizer with borer baiting cores,golden tortoise green fungus and Taiwo special fertilizer for rice as the main medicine and fertilizer,and comprehensively evaluated the "double reduction" efficiency.The results showed that: the efficiency of Ningbo Newcomb borer sex attractant on borer control is 87.43%,and the efficiency of conventional drug control is 91.44%,the efficiency of sex attractant control is slightly lower than chemical pesticide control,but can save a lot of labor,so in the lighter districts of borer occurrence,biological sex attractant can be used to control borer;Bayer pesticide increase the efficiency of the "yield-enhancing" combination of pesticides on rice borer,borer and blast was significantly higher than that of the conventional treatment,and greatly reduced the amount of pesticides,improved the utilization rate of pesticides and increased the net output value per unit;compared with the conventional control demonstration district,there was no significant difference in the efficiency of pest control and rice yield,and it was significantly higher than that of the non-fertilizer demonstration District,but the amount of pesticides and fertilizers used in the "double reduction"demonstration district were reduced by 30g/mu and 10kg/mu,which greatly improved the net output value and environmental friendliness.Overall,the research results of this thesis help to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of rice pests and tillage system,and provide a reference for reasonable arrangement of rice cultivation.Through the establishment of the demonstration district,it is clear that the paddy fertilizer application scheme of "sex attractant + biological pesticide + special fertilizer for rice" can be promoted on a large scale in the lightly infested area in Jiangjin... |
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