Development Of Driving And Conveying Device For Maize Harvester With Stem And Barley Harvesting

Maize is one of the main crops in China.It has a vast planting area and abundant grain and straw yields.In 2016,China’s maize planting area was 38.119 million km2,with a yield of 2246.32 million tons,and the yield of maize straw was about 270 million tons.In recent years,the level of maize mechanized harvest in China has been greatly improved.In 2016,the rate of maize mechanized harvest exceeded 63%,and in some areas the rate of maize mechanized harvest exceeded 80%.This indicates that maize harvest in China has entered the stage of mainly mechanized harvest.But at present,most corn harvesting machinery is the removable ear skinning,while the corn straw is returned to the field directly after the straw crushing and returning device equipped on the harvester is crushed.Due to the structural defects of the vertical and horizontal ear-picking device and the complexity and diversity of Agronomic technology,the effect of straw crushing is very poor and the crushing rate is low,which brings great difficulties for subsequent tillage,land preparation and sowing operations,resulting in the difficulty of land preparation and returning.It is difficult to collect and prohibit burning.Therefore,after harvesting corn ears,it is necessary to use straw returning machine or bundler with crushing device to crush and return corn straw to the field or collect and bundle again.Therefore,the analysis of the whole plant harvesting link of corn is still a way of harvesting by stages.With the continuous development of domestic corn mechanized harvesting technology and equipment and the requirement of environmental protection policy such as the prohibition of burning straw,corn combine harvester with ear and stalk will become the development trend of maize combine harvester in the future.The key to realize the integration of corn ear picking,peeling and straw crushing and bundling is to design a reasonable transmission and conveying system,which integrates the corn ear picking,peeling device and straw crushing,conveying and bundling device.Therefore,the structure characteristics and parameters of the transmission and conveying system are reasonable or not,which determines the combined harvesting of corn with ear and stalk harvesting.The important factors of machine performance and operation quality.According to the functional requirements of corn combine harvester with both ear and stalk harvesting,this paper aimed to realize the coordinated operation of several devices and components,such as picking ears,peeling ears and straw,collecting,transporting and pressing bundles of corn.The device was analyzed and determined by finite element analysis software.The optimum motion parameters were determined by field experiments.In order to realize the effective monitoring and control of the working parts,the movement and position monitoring device of the working parts was designed,which improved the reliability of the whole machine.The main contents of this paper were:1.Design and development of power transmission device,the power transfer system design of the engine power toward the cutting platform for picking spikes,crushing conveying devices,and bundling machines was carried out.Based on the motion parameters of the working parts,the design of three transmission way and the structure parameters of transmission line,with the helo of the Solidworks software to complete the main transmission components of the three-dimensional entity model and finite element analysis,determined the parts the rationality of the design of transmission device.2.Design and development of straw conveying device,according to the productivity of the crushing device,the pitch and diameter of the conveying winch blade,the speed and diameter of the winch shaft,the structural parameters of the throwing rod teeth and the parameters of the conveying orifice are designed,Based on the design of the conveying device which integrates the crushing and conveying parts of corn straw.Based on the design of the conveying device which integrates the crushing and conveying parts of corn straw.3.Type selection and design of working parts monitoring device,in order to monitor and control the movement and position parameters of working parts reasonably,rotational speed monitoring devices such as cutter shaft,straw conveying winch shaft,flywheel of baler and power input sprocket of cutter are designed to monitor and control the lifting position of cutting table and crushing device.Display recording device is designed to facilitate the driver to monitor and control the working parts in time.4.Field trials and tests.The movement parameters and performance parameters of the main working parts were tested to verify the rationality of the structure parameters and transmission mode design of power transmission and conveyor.The minimum speed transmission ratio of crushing cutter shaft was provided for the suitable bundling operation of corn straw,and the coordinated operation of the main working parts under the condition of integrated harvesting of spike and stalk was realized.