| Breeding research units and seed companies have gradually begun to use breeding machinery instead of manual operations,especially in the testing of planting.Compared with artificial sowing,the corn planting process has the advantages of consistent sowing depth,uniform soil covering,fast seeding speed,high efficiency and uniform side fertilization.And the corn seed breeding experiment using machine seeding can better match the field seeding method,speed up the operation efficiency and improve the test effect.This paper develops a corn plant precision seeder that can meet the needs of corn breeding research units.This paper combines the advantages of the Austrian Winesteiger plotter and the Brazilian SB plot planter.Based on the 2BMZF-4Q no-till precision planter,the design is improved and the operating platform and electronic control part of the plotter are added.Key components such as seat,funnel sorter,balance collection device,seed box,and tray were replaced with a seed meterer suitable for community planting.The gear transmission is used to replace the original sprocket transmission shifting mode of the no-till seeding machine,and the electric drive negative pressure fan and the air compressor are used to reduce the complexity of the mechanical transmission,and the whole machine has a simple structure and convenient operation.The seeding machine adopts the control system based on 51 single-chip microcomputer to control the electromagnetic valve to realize the reciprocating motion of the cylinder to replace the seed.The servo control system is combined with the basic pulse signal function outputted by the Trimble GPS automatic driving system,and the servo system starts to replace after receiving the GPS output signal.The small interval variety adjusts the positional relationship of the output signals to control the uniformity of the walkways between the cells.By measuring the triaxial size of the test corn seeds and weighing the 1000-grain weight,it was judged that the corn seed size uniformity of the test was poor.The performance of the two key components of the seed meter and the splitter was tested and analyzed.The performance of the seed meter was tested by the orthogonal test method using the seed meter test bench,and the negative pressure value,seed size,number of disc holes and seed rotation speed were analyzed for the seeding pass rate,replay rate and miss rate.The effect of the negative pressure and seed size on the missed index is significant.The analysis of the effect of the funnel sorter under five different inclination angles shows that the seed splitting effect of the funnel sorter at the inclination of 5° fully meets the design requirements,and the target seed amount can be evenly distributed to two.Inside the seed meter.After the prototype is completed,actual tests such as sowing,fertilization,and uniformity of the aisle are carried out through field trials.According to the actual measurement,the planting depth and plant spacing of the plant planter are uniform and reliable;the fertiliser can meet the fertilization characteristics of regional differences,the actual fertilization amount meets the requirements of the target fertilization amount,and the fertilization amount of 4 ridges is evenly controllable;the test aisle error is 10 cm.Within the scope of meeting the needs of breeding experiments;the corn plot precision planter designed and developed in this paper can meet the requirements of scientific research units and breeding companies. |
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