The Design On Leakage Sowing Detection And Automatic Compensation System Of Potato Chain Metering Device

Seed-metering device is the core component of potato planter, its performance directly affects the quality and efficiency of seeding. At present, the spoon chain seed-metering device is generally used in potato planter, but due to the restrictions of the method, and diced potato seeds which have different shape and size was adopted in potato planting in most areas of our country,thus, the phenomenon of leakage sowing easily produced. In view of this situation, One approach is to use artificial resowing, another is optimize and improve the structure and operation parameters of seed-metering system. The former has high labor intensity, lower efficiency and high operation costs; although the latter can reduce leakage sowing rate, but the maximum leakage index reached 12.5%.The above studies proved that it is difficult to thoroughly solve the problem of leakage sowing from the mechanical perspective, one effective solution is to increase seeding detection and leakage sowing compensation device. Therefore, a leakage sowing detection and automatic compensation system of spoon chain seed-metering device was designed by adopting sensor, single-chip microcomputer and other advanced technology in this paper, which is suitable for potato planter and has good performance. This system is mainly composed of SCM system, display system, sensor, acoustooptic alarm system, reseeding mechanism and other hardware, at the same time, equipped with certain software design to detect and compensate timely in potato planting. The system can improve the efficiency and quality of the spoon chain potato planter. The test results showed that: the system has reliable performance and meets the design requirements.This paper mainly further researched in the following aspects:(1) The scheme of leakage sowing detection and automatic compensation system was designed integrally, and equipped with its related processing subprogram. The system has fast running speed, high accuracy rate, which can basically achieve the purpose of leakage sowing compensation by adopting holzer sensor and infrared sensor to locate and detect leakage sowing.(2) The system of detection sowing condition was designed based on SCM AT89S51 as the core, which has seeding detecting function and works reliably, acousto-optic alarm can display when the potato box lacking of seeds and opener blocked, and compensate timely when leakagesowing in potato planting, it can improve the quality and efficiency of sowing.(3) Simulation experiment was conducted by the compensation device of leakage sowing,the results showed that, without leakage sowing and reseeding device, the normal reseeding rate was 87.6%~92.5% at different operating speed, the successful rate of reseeding was82.4%~91.1%, which belongs to the normal agronomic requirements, the best state is that when the operating speed is lower integrally(the moving velocity of elevator chain is less than or equal to 0.6m/s), and normal sowing rate is about 92%, while the operating velocity is higher(the velocity of lifting chain is equal to 0.9m/s), and normal sowing rate is about 85.6%, which proves that the operation velocity exceeds a certain value, the rate of leakage sowing will increase significantly. After install the leakage sowing compensation device, resowing successful rate is relatively stable, basically at 86% and the total sowing successful rate can reach up to98.9% at the speed of lifting chain in above-mentioned three tests.