Effects Of Dietary Shrimp Protein Hydrolysates,Fish Protein Hydrolysates(Meal),Sickwater,Sickwater Hydrolysate And Fish Hydrolysates(Meal),Stickwater Stickwater Hydrolysate And Fish Meal Meal Hydrolysates For Yellow Catfish(Pelteobagrus Fuhidraco) On Grow

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of shrimp protein hydrolysates?fish protein hydrolysates?stickwater hydrolysate and fish meal hydrolysates in high plant diets on growth performance and physiological health in yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).The results are summarized as follows:1.Effect of fish meal replacement by fish and shrimp protein hydrolysates on growth performance for yellow catfish,Pelteobagrus fulvidracoA 60-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the replacement of fish meal by shrimp protein hydrolysate or fish protein hydrolysate on the growth performance in yellow catfish raised in pond.Nine experimental diets were formulated with shrimp protein hydrolysate(SPH),fish protein hydrolysate(FPH),or fish protein hydrolysate powder(FPHP)to supply approximately 25%,50%,or 75%of the fish meal protein in the basal diet.One thousand and three hundred and fifty yellow catfish(15.67± 0.11 g)were randomly stocked to 10 treatments with triplicate(45 fish/net cage).Compared to the fish fed with control diet,fish fed with FPH25 and FPHP25 had the similar results of final weight,SGR,and PRR.However,fish fed with other hydrolysate-supplemental diets had significantly lower(P<0.05)final weight,SGR,and PRR.In addition,a significantly negative trend(P<0.05)was found between SGR and dietary FPHP level.The FIFO was decreased 61.70%,69.79%,and 74.47%when fish fed with SPH25,FPH25,and FPHP25,respectively,compared to the fish fed with FM.Compared to the correlation between dietary hydrolyzed amino acids and SGR,which only had two amino acids exposed the significantly increasing trend,the correlation between dietary free amino acids and SGR had nine amino acids and the sum of free amino acids revealed the significantly reducing trend.Besides that,the regression model between the sum of dietary free amino acids and SGR shown a decreasing liner model.The hydrolysates increased dietary bioamine and MDA level,and acid value(AV)and peroxide value(POV).Moreover,dietary putrescine,cadaverine,and AV value had significantly(P<0.05)negative correlation with SGR.In conclusion,there was no significant difference between fish fed with diet added 30%fishmeal and fish fed with non-fish meal diets but contained 7.8%FPH or 6.7%FPHP in the growth performance of yellow catfish.However,the high dietary free amino acid,putrescine,and cadaverine level,and acid value can significantly reduce the growth performance of yellow catfish.In addition,too much dietary peptide compounds of lower than 500 Da will result in poor growth performance of yellow catfish.2.The effects of fish meal replacement by stickwater,stickwater hydrolysate and fish prote:in hydrolysate on growth performance of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)To evaluate effects of stickwater,stickwater hydrolysate and fish protein hydrolysate to replace fish meal on the growth performance of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),ten isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to feed 30 net cages of yellow catfish(18.68±0.10 g)for 60 days.A semipurified diet containing 28%fish meal was formulated as a control(FM diet).Other nine non-fish meal diets were formulated with stickwater(SW15,SW30,SW45),stickwater hydrolysate(SWH15,SWH30,SWH45)or fish protein hydrolysate(FPH15,FPH30,FPH45),supplying approximate15%,30%or 45%fish meal protein of FM diet.(1)Compared with diet FM,diets SW decreased SGR by 9.89%—20.33%(P<0.05,and increased FCR by 18.79%—44.85%(P<0.05).Diet SWH15 and diet SWH45 decreased SGR by 8.79%and 14.84%respectively and increased FCR by 16.97%and 27.88%compared with those of the diet FM(P<0.05).Diet FPH15 and diet FPH45 decreased SGR by 13.18%and 15.38%,and increased FCR by 30.30%and 29.70%compared with diet FM(P<0.05);(2)No significant difference was noticed among diet SWH30,diet FPH30 and diet FM in SGR and FCR(P>0.05);(3)The SGR of diets SWH additionally increased 4.40%—9.39%compared with diets SW,while the FCR decreased 9.81%—15.31%(P<0.05);(4)Compared with diet FM,the FIFO of diet SW30,SWH30 and FPH30 were 0.67,0.61 and 0.60,respectively,decreased by 67.67%to 70.15%(P<0.05).These results indicated that 28%fish meal protein quality of 8.5%(with dry weight 90%)stickwater hydrolysate(diet SWH30)and 8.2%(with dry weight 90%)fish protein hydrolysate(diet FPH30)have similar growth performance with 28%fish meal in yellow catfish diet,and that the FIFO of these two diets were reduced by 69.95%and 70.15%compared with that of diet FM.The stickwater hydrolysate had better fish growth performance than stickwater.The growth performance and feed efficiency of yellow catfish were significantly decreased when the additive amount of stickwater and stickwater hydrolysate was not suitable.3.The effects of fish meal replacement by fish meal hydrolysates and stickwater hydrolysate on growth performance of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)To evaluate the effects of fish meal hydrolysate and stickwater hydrolysate to replace fish meal on the growth performance of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),eighteen isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to feed 72 net cages of yellow catfish(18.68±0.10 g)for 60 days.A semipurified diet containing 28%fish meal was formulated as a control(FM diet).Other Seventeen non-fish meal diets were formulated with non-enzymatic hydrolysis of tuna meal(NHT10.2?NHT20.5),semi-enzymatic hydrolysis of tuna meal(HHT9.8?HHT19.6)?Enzymatic hydrolysis of tuna meal(WHT 10.2?WHT20.5)?stickwater hydrolysate of tuna meal(HS W9.2?HSW18.4)?non-enzymatic hydrolysis of miscellaneous fish meal(NHC 10.6?NHC21.1)?enzymatic hydrolysis of miscellaneous fish meal(WHC11.1?WHC22.3)?non-enzymatic hydrolysis of anchovy meal(NHA 10.2?NHA20.4)or Enzymatic hydrolysis of anchovy meal(WHA9.8?WHA19.7)supplying approximate35%or 70%fish meal protein of FM diet and a negative control(NC).(1)No significant difference was noticed among diet HSW9.2 and diet FM in SGR(P>0.05),the SGR of the other experimental groups was significantly lower than that of the diet FM(P<0.05).(2)Compared with diet NC,SGR increased significantly in all experimental groups(P<0.05).Diet FM and HSW9.2 have the highest increase;the result of FCR is contrary to that of SGR.(3)In HSW group,the addition gradient increased from 9.2 to 18.4,and SGR decreased by 14.16%(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in SGR between other experimental groups with the increase of the addition gradient(P>0.05).(4)Compared with diet FM,the FIFO of diet HSW9.2 were 0.41,decreased by 63.72%(P<0.05).These results indicated that:28%fish meal protein quality of 9.2%(with dry weight 90%)stickwater hydrolysate(diet SWH30)have similar growth performance with 28%fish meal in yellow catfish diet,and that the FIFO of these two diets were reduced by 63.72%compared with that of diet FM.The growth performance and feed efficiency of yellow catfish were significantly decreased when the additive amount of stickwater hydrolysate.Substitution of 35%and 70%protein for fish meal hydrolysate of gradient raw fish(tuna,miscellaneous fish,anchovy)for 28%imported fish meal also led to a decrease in growth rate and feed efficiency of yellow catfish.4 Hepatopancreas transcriptome analysis of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)with fish protein hydrolysate and stickwater hydrolysate completely replacing fish mealThe intention of this study is to investigate the effects of completely replacing fish meal with small amounts of fish protein hydrolysate(FPH)or stickwater hydrolysate(SH)on the physiological metabolism of yellow catfish.Three diets were prepared:the control diet was prepared containing 280 g kg-1 diet super prime fish meal and other two non-fish meal diets were prepared containing commercial FPH(90 g kg-1 diet)or SH(85g kg-1 diet).All diets were iso-nitrogenous,iso-lipidic and iso-energetic,and were fed to three replicate groups of yellow catfish(initial body weight 18.67±0.11g)for 60 days.No significant(P>0.05)differences in weight gain and feed conversion ratio of fish were found in fish fed with SH,FPH,and basal diet.There were lots of genes in hepatopancreas up-regulation but few down-regulated(P<0.05)caused by FPH and SH.Compared with the control group,there were four KEGG pathways differentially expressed both in SH and FPH,and other differentially pathways also had great similarities.Genes,involving in digestion and absorption of protein,fat,monosaccharides,and mineral elements,transcription of RNA,synthesis of protein,and energy metabolism(glucose metabolism and electron transport chain),in fish fed with FPH and SH were up-regulated(P<0.05).In terms of immune defense,SH and FPH may lead to a decrease in the synthesis of complement system(C3 and C5),but the differentially genes in glutathione/glutathione transferase gene pathway,heat shock proteins,and protein degradation pathways were significantly up-regulated(P<0.05).The results showed that the roles of SH and FPH in diets were not only as protein sources but also more effective inducing changes of physiological metabolism in hepatopancreas than fish meal,enabling yellow catfish to utilize feedstuff more efficiently.