| Ketosis(Ket)is a common nutritional metabolic disease in cows during perinatal period.The physiological state of the perinatal cows because of the special delivery,feed intake and lactation function of active energy negative balance of cows,and a large number of mobilization body fat,easily happened ketosis,increase the risk of other diseases,bring huge economic losses for dairy,high-yielding cattle is particularly serious,its prevention is the focus of the reconstruction of postpartum energy balance as soon as possible,reduce body fat mobilization.Propylene(PG)supplement can provide raw sugar precursor,promote sugar dysplasia;Vitamin B12(VB12)is an important coenzyme related to lipid metabolism,which can improve energy metabolism.Both drugs are widely used in the prevention of ketosis.There have been numerous reports on the investigation and prevention of dairy cow ketosis,but the application of propylene glycol is basically the whole group of repeated irrigation,although a certain effect has been achieved,but more tedious.Whether it can be simplified,to distinguish different body conditions with a single irrigation,the effect has not been reported,VB12 and propylene glycol combined use is still lack of relevant studies.With the change of dairy farming techniques and methods,the current dairy farming is mainly focused on the transformation of intensive pasture,so whether the occurrence law of dairy cow ketosis is consistent with previous reports or not also needs to be updated.Therefore,this study made statistics on the characteristics of ketosis in high-yielding cows,and studied the prevention and treatment of ketosis in high-yielding cows.In this study,210 postpartum cows were randomly selected from a modern dairy farm in Harbin area to investigate the incidence of ketosis.The perinatal cows with the average yield(annual average yield)greater than 30kg/d in the last 305 d of lactation and 2-3 times of gestation were selected as medium body condition(body condition score 3.25-3.75)and obese body condition(body condition score 4.0-4.5),respectively,to conduct the prevention test of propanediol once after delivery and vitamin B12 ketone combined with intramuscular injection.In order to obtain the occurrence law of ketosis in modern dairy farms to guide the effective monitoring,prevention and treatment of cow ketosis.From June to September 2019,the incidence of ketosis in this herd was investigated through continuous postpartum monitoring of BAHA and combined with electronic monitoring results of cud rumination.The results showed that the incidence of ketosis in 210 cows was 37.61%.The results showed that the incidence of ketosis in cows with high yield(annual average yield > 30kg/d)was 89.24% higher than that of cows with low yield(annual average yield > 30kg/d)(11.53%).In addition,the incidence of ketosis was highest at 4d(67.09%),followed by 9d(27.85%),and lowest at 14d(5.06%).The incidence of bovine ketosis was the highest in 4-5 fetches(50.00%),while the incidence of ketosis was relatively low in 2 fetches(27.85%)and 3 fetches(38.54%).Postpartum BAHA in cows reached the highest level(1.06±0.72mmol/L)at 4d,and gradually decreased from 9d(0.85±0.38mmol/L)to 14d(0.77±0.27mmol/L).The concentration of BAHA in ketone infected cows(1.56±0.95mmol/L)at 4d was significantly higher than that in healthy cows(0.75±0.17mmol/L).At 0-1d postpartum,the rumination quantity of all cows significantly decreased,and gradually increased in 1-4d,and gradually stabilized after 7d.The results of prophylaxis test of propanediol alone and vitamin B12 in combination were 26.67% in the middle body condition cows,26.67% in the propanediol alone group and 26.67% in the vitamin B12 alone group.In obese cows,the incidence of ketosis was 83.33% in the propanediol alone group and 60.00% in the vitamin B12 combined group,both of which were higher than 20.00% in the blank control group.The results suggested that propanediol could be used to prevent ketosis,and vitamin B12 could be used to prevent ketosis,too.However,these two methods could not obtain good prevention for obese cows,and there was a certain trend to increase the possibility of ketosis.Therefore,the use of propylene glycol to prevent ketosis needs to be different according to the cow body condition.Both methods are beneficial to the regurgitation of postpartum cows regardless of their body condition.Through the comprehensive treatment of supplementation,adjustment of glucose metabolism and improvement of fat gluconeogenesis in 23 ketogenic cows after delivery,good results were obtained.Regardless of the severity of ketosis,most of the cows recovered after 5d treatment(19/23),and the best treatment result was recovery after 3-4d treatment(16/23).A small number of cows were ineffective or recurred after 5d treatment(3/23),indicating that the method used has a good therapeutic effect on postpartum cow ketosis,but it still needs further improvement for severe individuals.This study has preliminarily obtained the occurrence law of intensive modern dairy farms’ ketosis,determined the method of propanediol to prevent the ketosis of cows with moderate body condition,verified the good effect of the treatment method,and provided beneficial theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of dairy farms in this region. |
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