Effects Of Removing Growing Point,Spraying Ethephon On Physiological Characteristics,Yield And Quality Of Different Source Sink Types Of Peanut

The experiment was carried out in the Agricultural Experimental Station and the State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Shandong Agricultural University from 2019 to 2020.Taking HY 33 and SH 9 as research materials,this paper studies the effects of two source and sink control measures on the formation yield and quality,and clarifies the control mechanism of different measures on the coordinated improvement of physiological characteristics,yield and the quality of different source and sink types,so as to provide the theoretical basis and technology for the high-yield and high-quality of peanut and the selection of new Guidance.The main results are as follows:1 Removing Growing Point(Effects of Source-Sink Relationship Regulation)on physiological characteristics,yield and quality of peanutRemoving growing point can reduce the height and lodging rate of peanut.15 d-RGP,30 d-RGP,45 d-RGP can significantly reduce the height of peanut population.30 d-RGP,45d-RGP can effectively prevent lodging at later growth stage,but 15 d-RGP,30 d-RGP can increase the number of ineffective branches of peanut.45 d-RGP can reduce the leaf area and increase the specific leaf weight at later growth stage.15 d-RGP,30 d-RGP can effectively prevent lodging at later growth stage,the leaf area index decreased first and then increased with the advance of peanut growth process,which had little effect on the leaf area index and specific leaf weight at harvest time;removing growing point improved the light transmittance of the middle and lower canopy and the effective radiation interception of different canopy,45 d-RGP's the light transmittance of the middle and lower canopy was the highest,and there was no significant difference between the total effective radiation interception of the canopy and the control.Removing growing point reduced the total dry matter accumulation of peanut plants and the dry matter distribution rate of leaves,increased the dry matter distribution rate of pods and stems,and increased the dry matter distribution rate of pods and stems 45 d-RGP compared with the control 13.9%.The activity of SOD and POD in the leaves was increased by removing growing point,and the enzyme activity in the leaves was the highest at 45 d-RGP;different removing growing point treatments had different effects on the MDA content in the leaves,the MDA content in the leaves was increased at 15 d-RGP,and the MDA content at 30 d-RGP,45d-RGP was lower than that in the control,but the difference was not significant.The results showed that 30 d-RGP,45 d-RGP improved the scavenging ability of active oxygen,decreased the degree of membrane lipid,and was beneficial to delaying the senescence of peanut leaves.Different removing growing point treatments had different effects on yield and quality of peanut.15 d-RGP,30 d-RGP decreased yield,45 d-RGP increased yield.Removing growing point increased crude fat content of peanut kernel,decreased protein and soluble sugar content.2 Spraying Eth(Effect of reducing storage)on physiological characteristics,yield and quality of peanutExogenous application of Eth is beneficial to reduce the number of peanut flowers and improve the rate of needle formation and pods per plant.Spraying Eth significantly reduced the number of flowers per day,and the total number of flowers on 10 d-Eth,20 d-Eth were also lower than that in the control,but the number of flowers on 30 d-Eth was higher than that in the control;20 d-Eth,30 d-Eth reduced the rate of needle formation;after spraying Eth,the total dry matter accumulation of peanut plants and the dry matter distribution rate of fruit needles were decreased,and the dry matter distribution rate of pods was increased,especially is 20 d-Eth.Spraying Eth increased the activity of SOD enzyme in the leaves,and different treatments had different effects on the MDA content of the leaves.20 d-Eth reduced the MDA content of the leaves,while spraying on 10 d-Eth,30 d-Eth significantly increased the MDA content of the leaves,which indicated that spraying Eth on 20 d-Eth could alleviate the ea RGPy aging effect of Eth on the peanut plants and relatively delay the senescence of the leaves.The effects of different Eth treatments on yield and quality of peanut were different.The yield of 10 d-Eth,20 d-Eth increased,but the yield of 30 d-Eth decreased significantly.Spraying Eth increased the content of protein and soluble sugar in peanut kernel,while the content of crude fat was slightly lower than the control.