Main Forestry Pests And Their Hazards In Xuanzhou District

Forestry pests are seriously endangering the forests ecological environment and forestry economic development.In order to implement the principles of "Prevention First,Scientific Control,Governance by law,Promotion of Health",grasp of the occurrence of major forestry pests timely and accurately,and provide a scientific basis for decision-making of forestry pest control,I investigate the main forestry pests in Xuanzhou District,and grasp the species,distribution and the degree of hazard of main forestry pests after the investigation.I make a analysis of the status of the main forestry pests and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.Methods of this investigation include field investigation and historical data investigation.The historical data investigation includes consulting the local county annals,the forest resources information of the competent authorities and the records of the occurrence of pests for the past several years provided by local Quarantine Inspection Bureau,to grasp forest resources and general situation of forestry pests in Xuanzhou District.According to the biological characteristics of forestry pests,the on-the-spot investigation comprised by the field investigation is made during the peak period of its occurrence or symptoms revealed period,and the sample plot investigation is made within the main woodland in Xuanzhou District.It is found that there are 8orders,30 families,38genera and46 species main forest pests in Xuanzhou District after the investigation,of which Lepidoptera and Coleoptera are the main one.Main forestry pests in Xuanzhou District which are classified in accordance with host plants are shown below:the main pests on Cunninghamia lanceolata are Polychrosis cunninhamiacola,Semanotus bifasciatus;the main pests on Pinus are Dendrolimus punctatus Walker,Monochamus alternatus,Dioryctria rubella Hampson,Dasychira axutha Collenette,Dendrolimus kikuchii Matsumura;the main pests on Populus L.are Clostera anachoreta,Apriona germari,Anoplophora glabripennis;the main pests on Paulownia Sieb.et Zucc.are Eteoneus angulatus Drake et Maa,Basiprionota bisignata;the main pests on Phyllostachys edulisare Pegomyia phyllostachys Fan,Otidognathus davidis Fair,Oligia vulgaris,Coclebotys coclesalis(Walker),Ceracris kiangsu Tsai,Artona funeralis(Butler);the main pests on Pyrus are Schizaphis piricola(Matsumura),Psylla chinensis Yang et Li,Stephanitis nashi Esaki et Takeya,Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky;the main pests on Ziziphus jujuba are Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dur,Ancylis satiua liu,Carposina niponensis Walsingham,Chihuo zao Yang;the main pests on Chaenomeles sinensis are Grapholitha molesta(Busck),Myzus persicae(Sulzer),Zeuzera coffeae Niether;the main pests on Prunus persica are Conogethes punctiferalis(Guenee),Vespidae,Myzus persicae(Sulzer),Grapholitha molesta(Busck),Jacobiasca formosana,Aromia bungii Faldermann,Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky,Carposina niponensis Walsingham;the main pests on Camellia oleifera Abel.are Lebeda nobilis Walker,Curculio chinensis Cheveolat;the main pests on Castanea mollissima are Conogethes punctiferalis(Guenee),Curculio davidi Fairmaire;the main pests on the green seedlings are Myzus persicae(Sulzer),Stephanitis nashi Esaki et Takeya,Tetranychus cinnbarinus,Eriococcus legerstroemiae Kuwana,Parasa lepida(Cramer),Odontotermes formosanus(Shiraki,1909),Ceroplastes rubens(Maskell),Lycorma delicatula(White,1845),Philosamia cynthia Walker et Felder,Erthesina fullo(Thunberg),Stephanitis macaona Drake,Orthaga achatina,Jacobiasca formosana.The main forestry pests in Xuanzhou District are classified according to the types of hazards,we can find that there are 15 species of leaf-eating pests,accounting for 32.61%;13 species of sucking pests,accounting for 28.26%;18 species of boring pests,accounting for 39.13%.Forestry pests in Xuanzhou District are mainly distributed in Huangdu Town,Zhouwang Town,Shuidong Town,Xikou Town,Xintian Town,Yangliu Town,Liqiao Town,Honglin town and other towns,all these towns have a tradition of developing forestry economy,forestry farmers have high enthusiasm for forestry,and they have invested heavily in the prevention and control of forestry pests,however,large-scale cultivation of single tree species,such as foreign Pinus,Paulownia,Ziziphus jujuba,Camellia oleifera Abel,Magnolia grandiflora,Osmanthus fragrans have been problem,the single tree species and simple structure provide the conditions for the spread of pests,and forestry pests disasters still occur from time to time.Comparing the results of this investigation with those of the 2006,It is found that common forestry pests still exist in timber forests,forestry pests show a downward trend,forestry pests in economic forest increased,forestry pests in green seedling gradually increased,forestry pests in ecological public welfare forest reduced.I make analysis of quarantine pests,Hyphantria Cunea which is seriously harmful in recent years.I make analysis from Xuanzhou district's geographical location,natural conditions,resource characteristics and other aspects,and found that the Hyphantria Cunea are introduced into Xuanzhou district is highly probable and it will be veryserious if introduced.The result of quantitative analysis of comprehensive evaluation index is R=2.56,it shows that the Hyphantria Cunea is specially dangerous pest.I suggest that we can start from the aspects of strengthening the quarantine administration,establishing the monitoring and early warning system and increasing the capital investment so as to prevent the invasion of the Hyphantria Cunea.Generally speaking,the main forestry pests in Xuanzhou District have the following characteristics:1.The main forestry pests species in Xuanzhou District are rich and have a low degree of occurrence;2.The common forestry pests are still seriously endangering the forest in part of areas;3.Forest pests in economic forests,green seedlings and other forests have become the new focus of prevention and control;4.The spread of exotic dangerous forestry pests increases.The reasons include the followings:1.Abnormal climate,incentives for forestry pests increased;2.Inappropriate prevention and treatment;3.Single forest species structure,poor disaster resistant ability;4.Increased introduction of exotic forestry pests and insufficient scientific prevention and control.I Put forward countermeasures and suggestions about forestry pests in Xuanzhou District from the application of modem science and technology and forest management two aspects,including application of remote sensing technology,GIS platform technology,selection of resistant species,creation of mixed forest,reasonable reforestation and strengthening forest management.