Effects Of Water Control At Different Growth Stages On Yield And Quality Of Tomato

With taking the variety 'Weike Yulinglong' as the test material,in the winter-warm solar greenhouse,this paper controls different soil moisture in different growth stages of tomatoes(first,third and fifth inflorescence fruit-setting period)and explores its effect on tomato growth and development,fruit quality and related physiological metabolism to explore soil water management measures to improve fruit quality under small tomato yield impact.The main research results are as follows:1.Water-controlling treatments at different growth stages have significant effects on tomato growth,development and yield:The tomato plants in the fifth inflorescence were water-controlled.At this time,the plant height,stem thickness,dry matter quality,root physiological indicators,fruit fresh weight,fruit shape index,yield and water use efficiency are optimal.Tomatoes with water content of soil of 85% are excellent in terms of plant height,stem thickness,dry matter content of roots,stems and leaves and root growth.But when the water content is controlled at 70%,dry and fresh weight of fruit,yield and water use efficiency is better.At this time,the yield is 16.03% higher than that of water content of 85%.When the water content is 55% and 40%,the yield is 13.19% and 43.12% lower respectively than that of water content of 85%.2.Soil moisture content at different growth stages significantly affects tomato quality:The content of soluble sugar,titratable acid,lycopene of tomato fruits increased with the decrease of water content of soil,indicating that moderate water shortage can improve fruit quality.According to the comprehensive analysis of the quality based on the membership function value,the effect of water control on fruit quality of the fifth panicle inflorescence was significant.3.Significant effect of water control treatment on tomato physiological metabolism at different growth stages:Water control in the fifth inflorescence fruit setting stage had little effect on plant leaf photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.The photosynthetic rate of tomato leaves in the fruit setting stage of the first and third inflorescences decreased by 20.94% and 12.75% compared with the water control treatment in the fruit setting stage of the fifth inflorescence;the net photosynthetic rate Pn,transpirationrate Tr,actual photochemical efficiency ?PS?,and maximum photochemical efficiency Fv/ Fm of tomato leaves in soil water treatment decreased with the decrease of soil moisture content,70%,55%,40%The net photosynthetic rate of water treatment decreased by5.93%,25.45%,and 50.67% compared with 85% soil moisture,respectively.4.A total of 67 kinds of aromatic substances in tomato fruits were detected in this test,mainly alcohols,aldehydes,ketones,alkanes and esters.Among them,there are 9 types of characteristic volatile substances in common: 1-pentene-3-Ketones,trans-2-hexenal,n-hexanol,trans-2-octenal,decanal,BETA-cyclocitral,2-isobutylthiazole,methyl salicylate,ethyl salicylate.Different soil water treatments and water-controlling periods significantly affected the flavor quality of tomato fruits.The water-controlling treatments had the highest aromatic content in the first inflorescence and the fifth-fruiting treatment had the lowest aromatic content.5.The grey relation analysis method was adopted to conduct analysis.Combined with quality and yield factors,we can get that the suitable soil cultivation and irrigation mode of the variety 'Weike Yulinglong ' is as follows: the relative water content of the soil from the first inflorescence fruit-setting period to the third inflorescence fruit-setting period shall be about 70%.The water content of the soil in the fifth inflorescence fruit-setting period shall be maintained at about 55%,which can significantly improve the fruit quality under small fruit yield loss.