Effects Of Different Moisture Protection Measures On Winter Sowing Wheat Growth And Yield

Aiming at the problems of low spring emergence rate and low yield in the spring of the second year due to drought and low temperature freezing damage in winter and spring found in the "spring wheat winter sowing" in the irrigation area of the Inner Mongolia Plain,with the goal of improving the ability of winter-sown wheat to resist cold and drought,and to increase yield and benefit,by setting different soil moisture measures,this study systematically studied the changes in seed vigor during winter wheat sowing and the differences in spring germination,growth and development,photosynthetic performance,material accumulation,yield formation and water use,and clarified that winter wheat sowing improved seedling emergence.Provide a basis for further improving the "spring wheat winter sowing" high-yield and efficient cultivation technology system.The main findings are as follows:1 Film-mulching hole sowing,straw mulching,application of water-retaining agent,soil improver and seed soaking in Victoria can all maintain the seed vigor of winter sowing wheat during overwintering,and significantly improve the seed germination rate and emergence rate,of which the film mulching sowing treatment performs best,the emergence rate in the spring of the second year is more than 70%.The winter sowing and film-mulching treatments were 5-9 days earlier than other moisture retention treatments and 7-12 days ahead of maturity.There was no significant difference in the growth process between the application of water-retaining agents,soil amendments,straw mulching and Victoria seed soaking.2 Different soil moisture conservation measures significantly promoted the growth and distribution of the middle and lower roots of winter-sown wheat soil,increased soil water consumption,and the total water consumption during the whole growth period was significantly higher than that of spring-sown treatment.The WUE under film-mulched hole sowing,straw mulching,application of water-retaining agent,soil improver and seed soaking in Victoria were significantly higher than conventional winter sowing treatment.3 Under different soil moisture conservation measures,the ear number and grain yield of winter-sown wheat are significantly lower than that of spring sowing treatment,while the number of spikes and 1000-grain weight are significantly higher than that of spring sowing treatment.There was no significant difference in grain number and 1000-grain weight of winter-sown wheat under different moisture retention treatments.The yield and its constituent factors of film-mulched hole sowing and water-retaining agent treatment were the highest.Compared with the spring sowing treatment,most of the grain quality indicators of winter sowing wheat(except for the flour extraction rate)showed an increasing trend,and the grain quality indicators of each sowing treatment were also significantly higher than those of conventional winter sowing treatment.Film-mulched winter sowing is a new planting model that combines high yield,high efficiency and high quality of winter sowing wheat in Hetao irrigation area.