Study On The Integration Technology Of Straw Mulching And Fertilizer Under Alternate Irrigation With Brackish And Fresh Water

In order to explore the technology of water saving and fertilizer increasing,a 2-year field experiment was carried out to preliminarily integrate the technology of straw mulching and fertilizer under alternating irrigation with brackish and fresh water in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China.The experiment included two factors,namely,the principal factor straw mulching way(no straw,plastic and straw mulching,plastic mulching and straw burial)and the secondary factor fertilization level(low fertilizer(N135 kg/hm2,P90 kg/hm2),medium fertilizer(N225 kg/hm2,P150 kg/hm2),high fertilizer(N315 kg/hm2,P210 kg/hm2)),which were combined into 9 treatments.Compared to the control(no fertilizer).Through the farmland environment and the corn growth change situation,carries on the core technology screening.The integrated technology was formed by combining the core technology and supporting technology of plastic and straw mulching high fertilizer under alternate irrigation with brackish and fresh water and plastic mulching and straw burial medium fertilizer under alternate irrigation with brackish and fresh water.At the same time,field experiments were carried out to evaluate its impact on the farmland environment,maize growth indicators and economic benefits,and an appropriate integrated technology of straw mulching to the field and fertilizer under alternating irrigation with brackish and fresh water was proposed.It provides a theoretical basis for improving the efficiency of water saving and farmland ecological environment in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Evaluation of environmental effects of straw mulching to the field and fertilizer technology:The soil moisture content of the plastic mulching and straw burial low fertilizer root layer was 10.23%～53.77%higher than that of other treatments,and there was no significant difference between plastic mulching and straw burial medium fertilizer.The salt content of soil increased with the increase of fertilization,among which plastic and straw mulching low fertilizer was 5.99%～30.77%lower than other treatments.Soil salt content the degree of salt accumulation in root layer is less than that in deep layer.The alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content in each treatment increased by 69.22%～96.20%compared with CK,the content of available phosphorus increased by 24.15%～39.04%,the content of organic matter increased by 1.17%～11.21%.(2)Effect of straw mulching to the field and fertilizer technology on maize growth:From tassel stage to maturity stage,maize plant height and stem thickness showed that medium fertilizer>,high fertilizer>and low fertilizer under the same straw mulching treatment.Under the same fertilization level,the straw>under the upper film was covered with the straw>mulch.The yield of plastic mulching and straw burial a suitable amount of fertilizer a suitable amount of fertilizer reached an average of 13404 kg/hm2,and that of plastic and straw mulching reached an average of 11944 kg/hm2,both higher than other treatments,and the water use efficiency of both reached 2.71 kg/m3～3.10 kg/m3,the partial productivity of each treatment decreased with the increase of fertilization.(3)Evaluation of integration technology demonstration effect:During the growth period,local was 3.52%and 1.48%higher than Plastic mulching and straw burial and low fertilizer under alternating irrigation with brackish and fresh water and plastic and straw mulching and high fertilizer under alternating irrigation with brackish and fresh water in soil moisture content,9.5%and 4.6%higher in salt content,and soil nutrients were local>plastic and straw mulching and high fertilizer under alternating irrigation with brackish and fresh water>Plastic mulching and straw burial and low fertilizer under alternating irrigation with brackish and fresh water.plastic mulching and straw burial medium fertilizer under alternate irrigation with brackish and fresh water of the input amount decreased by 16.53%and 32.91%,while the output amount increased by 6.32%and 7.25%.To sum up,The integrated technology of plastic mulching and straw burial medium fertilizer under alternate irrigation with brackish and fresh water can better improve the farmland ecological environment,improve the efficiency and increase the production,and increase the economic income.It is a better integrated technology model under the condition of summer maize planting in the slightly salinized and alkaline land in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China.