Selection Of Liquidambar Formosana Clones And Identification Of Gene Modules Related To Leaf Color Changes In Purple Leaf Strains

Liquidambar formosana is one of the important native tree species in China.It is widely used.It is also one of the excellent barren mountain afforestation tree species and ecological tree species.Higher ornamental value,so it is also highly valued in garden greening.In this paper,wild agaricus collected from the natural distribution area of Liquidambar formosana is used as material for clone afforestation.The research results are as follows:(1)There are obvious differences in the preservation rate and the coefficient of variation of the preservation rate of clones of different families.The average preservation rate of 11 families is 61.53%,among which Dexing,Shangcheng,Xixia and Chun'an have higher preservation rates,all of which are above 70%.The coefficients of variation of preservation rates in Enshi,Ningqiang,Ankang and Zhenba were all greater than 40%,indicating that there was a large difference in preservation rates among families.the most suitable test site environment in 11 families is the Liquidambar formosana family of Dexing family,with a preservation rate of 72.5%,and the adaptability of Liquidambar formosana family of Wenxi an family is the worst,with a preservation rate of only 36.67%.(2)There are abundant variations in the growth traits of Liquidambar formosana clones.The tree height traits are the most stable and the average coefficient of variation is small,19.12%;the volume coefficient is the largest,which is 60.92%.There are also obvious differences in the coefficients of variation among the Liquidambar formosana clones.Among them,the average coefficient of variation of the growth traits of clone 85 is the largest at 40.17%,and the average coefficient of variation of clone 39 is the lowest at 23.52%.The heritability of tree height,breast diameter,crown width,height under branches and volume are all ?0.8,heritability is high,and heritability of straightness is 0.37.The results of principal component analysis showed that the load values of all traits except straightness were higher than 0.9,indicating that the five traits of tree height,breast diameter,crown width,branch height,and volume were more reliable as the characteristic traits for clone selection.When Euclidean distance=10,the clove clone is divided into three categories,type 1(1.39×10-3 m3)<type 3(3.06×10-3 m2)<type 2(4.25×10-3 m3).The volume traits were used to evaluate clones.The clones No.15 and No.128 were screened with a selection rate of 10.53%.The expected genetic gains of the volume were 90.24%and 83.12%,respectively.The actual gains exceeded 100%,It showed that clones No.15 and No.128 had excellent growth traits and could be used to improve the Liquidambar formosana orchard seed orchard.(3)The leaf color of the Liquidambar formosana purple leaf strain is significantly different from that of the normal plant.The leaves of the purple leaf strain are dark purple when they are spread in the spring,return to green in summer,and return to purple in autumn.It is fuchsia.Anthocyanin is an important pigment for the color of the leaves of the purple leaf strain.The difference in leaf color is caused by the difference in anthocyanin content.The average monthly content of anthocyanin in purple leaves is 1.17 mg/g,and that in normal leaves is 0.22 mg/g.The anthocyanin content of the leaves is about 5 times that of normal leaves.The average monthly contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,chlorophyll a+b and carotenoids are similar in purple leaves and normal leaves.(4)Through transcriptome sequencing analysis,genes related to the color change of Liquidambar formosana leaf were significantly enriched in the gene modules of purple leaf and normal leaf.The transcriptome data of purple leaves and normal leaves can be divided into 27 gene modules.Through GO enrichment,pigment catabolism process(GO:0046149),chlorophyll catabolism process(GO:0015996),UDP-glycosyltransferase activity(GO:0008194)and other items;through KEGG PATHWAY enrichment to find flavonoid biosynthesis,anthocyanin biosynthesis and other pathways,screen out the two target modules of brown and pink,and excavate 10 genes respectively as potential and Liquidambar formosana Core genes related to leaf color changes.In summary,this study screened out two fast-growing varieties of Liquidambar formosana suitable for mountainous environments through experimental forest investigation,growth trait measurement,pigment measurement and transcriptome sequencing,and clarified the changes in leaf color and leaf color of Liquidambar formosana Physiology mechanism,and preliminary research on the core genes that regulate the change of the leaf color of Liquidambar formosana,providing a research basis for the future use of genetic engineering to cultivate new varieties of Liquidambar formosana leaf color.