Study On Ultrastructure Of Wax Glands And Waxy Secretions Of Nine Species Of Scale Insects In Coccidae(Hemiptera: Coccomorpha)

The soft scales belong to Hemiptera,Coccomorpha,Coccidae.They have various types,widely distribution and are important pests in agriculture and forestry.There are many kinds of wax glands and waxy secretions on the body surface of soft scales,which are the important basis for their classification.In this paper,a study on the ultrastructure of wax glands,waxy secretions and other important morphological characters on classification was been done by using techniques of secanning electron microscopy(SEM)for nine scale insects in Coccidae: Takahashia japonica Cockerell、Cribropulvinaria tailungensis Hodgson&Martin、Leptopulvinaria sapinda He,Han&Wu、Mitrococcus sp.、Ceroplastodes chiton Green 、 Metaceronema japonica Maskell 、 Paralecanium machili Takahashi 、 Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock and Ceroplastes Stellifer Westwood.The results are as follows: 1.The ultrastructural characteristics of the main wax glands and waxy secretions of 9 species of soft scales were described in detail.It was found that the wax glands such as discal pores,tubular ducts,and spines and waxy secretions between different species and different ages of the same scale insects all had variation.2.The wax filaments secreted by dorsal tubercle were firstly studied by using scanning electron microscopy technology.The results showed that there was variation in the morphology of dorsal tubercle and waxy secretions of Leptopulvinaria sapinda He,Han&Wu,Mitrococcus sp and Metaceronema japonica Maskell.3.The ultrastructure of cribriform plate and its wax filaments of Cribropulvinaria tailungensis Hodgson&Martin was observed and described for the first time.There are two types of cribriform plates.The large cribriform plates are composed of four different types of cells,and the small are composed of two types of cells,each of which secreted different wax filaments.4.It was firstly discovered that multilocular pore can secrete many kinds of wax filaments.Three kinds of wax filaments secreted by multilocular pore of Takahashia japonica Cockerell were firstly observed.They are hollow tubular wax secretion,banded wax secretion and waxy secretion with grooves in the center 5.The ultrastructure characteristics of other important taxonomic characteristics of 9 species of soft scales were described in detail.